Crash of an Ilyushin II-62M in Havana: 67 killed

Date & Time: May 27, 1977 at 0845 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-86614
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Moscow - Frankfurt - Lisbon - Havana
MSN:
51903
YOM:
1975
Flight number:
SU331
Country:
Crew on board:
10
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
59
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
67
Aircraft flight hours:
5549
Aircraft flight cycles:
1144
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Lisbon, the crew started the descent to Havana-Jose Martí-Rancho Boyeros Airport and was cleared for an approach to runway 05. The crew encountered poor visibility due to foggy conditions and failed to realize his altitude was too low after he initiated the final approach too late, causing the aircraft to be 64 meters below the minimum descent altitude. The aircraft turned onto runway heading at a distance of 9 km from the runway threshold. According to the approach procedure, the aircraft should have done so at 14-15 km from the threshold. Despite he did not have the runway in sight, the captain decided to continue to descent until the aircraft passed below the decision height. At a distance of 1,820 meters from the runway threshold, the aircraft was approaching at a speed of 280 km/h and at a height of 23-25 meters when it struck power cables. Elevators separated and flaps on the right wing were torn off. The airplane then struck 22 palms, continued to descent until it crashed in flames 1,270 meters short of runway and 121 meters to the right of its extended centerline. Two passengers were seriously injured while 67 other occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The accident was the consequence of several errors on part of the flying crew who failed to realize that the approach configuration was wrong. The approach was initiated too late (9 km iso 15 km) and the crew continued the descent below the glide due to a wrong altimeter setting. At the time of the accident, the visibility was below minimums due to foggy conditions and the crew failed to take corrective actions and to properly monitor the radio altimeter, causing the airplane to descend until it impacted with trees and ground.

Crash of a Casa 212 Aviocar 100 in Calhandriz: 2 killed

Date & Time: Nov 19, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
6516
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Tancos - Lisbon
MSN:
47
YOM:
1975
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a flight from Tancos Airbase to Lisbon. While on an instrument approach to runway 21 at Lisbon-Portela de Sacavém Airport, the crew failed to realize his altitude was too low when the airplane struck the slope of a mountain located in Calhandriz, about 16 km north of the airfield. The aircraft was destroyed and both pilots were killed.
Crew:
Cpt José Luis Lopo Tuna,
Lt Amândio Jorge Almeida Cardoso.

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A Islander in Covilhã

Date & Time: Jul 28, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
CS-AJQ
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Covilhã - Lisbon
MSN:
68
YOM:
1969
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from Covilhã Airport, while in initial climb, one of the engine failed. The pilot elected to make an emergency landing in an open field. The aircraft crash landed and came to rest. While all occupants were evacuated safely, the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
It is believed that the engine failure was the consequence of a bird strike shortly after rotation.

Crash of a Beechcraft D18S in Lisbon: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jul 22, 1965 at 1045 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Lisbon - Lisbon
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
The crew departed Lisbon-Portela de Sacavém Airport at 1030LT for a local training flight. Fifteen minutes later, the airplane crashed in unknown circumstances near the airport, killing both pilots.
Crew:
Maj José Luis da Silva Fernandes,
Maj Joaquim das Neves Oliveira.

Crash of a Douglas C-54D-10-DC Skymaster in São Tomé: 23 killed

Date & Time: Nov 22, 1962
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
7502
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Luanda – São Tomé – Lisbon
MSN:
10773
YOM:
1945
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
33
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
23
Circumstances:
The airplane was completing a flight from Luanda to Lisbon with an intermediate stop at São Tomé. After takeoff, while climbing in heavy rain falls, the airplane stalled and crashed few km from the airfield. All four crew members and 19 passengers (all civilians) were killed while 14 other occupants were injured. It is believed the aircraft was overloaded at the time of the accident.

Crash of a Douglas DC-8-53 off Lisbon: 61 killed

Date & Time: May 30, 1961 at 0120 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PH-DCL
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Rome – Madrid – Lisbon – Santa Maria – Caracas
MSN:
45615
YOM:
1961
Flight number:
VA897
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
14
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
47
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
61
Captain / Total flying hours:
12886
Captain / Total hours on type:
189.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
12913
Copilot / Total hours on type:
78
Aircraft flight hours:
209
Circumstances:
VIASA Flight 897 operated on the route Rome - Madrid (MAD) - Lisbon (LIS) - Santa Maria (SMA) - Caracas (CCS) when it landed at Lisbon at 00:06 UTC. Following a crew change and inspection by KLM maintenance personnel the flight was cleared for a runway 23 departure. The DC-8 took off at 01:15, heading the Capiraca (LS) NDB. At 01:18:37 the aircraft advised that the cloud base was at 3700 ft and changed to the Lisbon area control frequency. It reported again at 01:19 :25 to Lisbon Control that it was "over LS at 19 climbing through FL 60". This message ended with two quickly spoken sentences. This was the last radio contact with the flight. The DC-8 entered a spiral dive to the left during the last message, banking to the left to 90° within about 20 seconds and striking the water after another 15 seconds . During the last 15 seconds, the bank was over-corrected to the right. It struck the sea with a pitch angle of approximately 25° nose down, while it was probably banking 30° to the right.
Probable cause:
Notwithstanding a very thorough, time-consuming investigation, in which many authorities and experts co-operated, it was not possible to establish a probable cause of the accident. The Netherlands, as state of registry commented: Though there are no direct indications in this respect, the Board regards it as possible that the accident was due to the pilot or pilots being misled by instrument failure, in particular of the artificial horizon, or to the pilot having been distracted, so that a serious deviation from the normal flight path was not discovered in time.
Final Report: