Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V in Moscow: 25 killed

Date & Time: Mar 3, 1973 at 1245 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
LZ-BEM
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Sofia - Moscow
MSN:
182 0056 02
YOM:
1962
Flight number:
LZ307
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
17
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
25
Circumstances:
During an approach to Moscow-Sheremetyevo Airport in marginal weather conditions, the crew initiated a go-around for unknown reason. During the second approach, at a distance of 5 km from the runway 07 threshold, the crew was informed by ATC that his position was 15 meters below the glide. Shortly later, the airplane nosed down then crashed in a huge explosion 4,330 meters short of runway. The aircraft disintegrated on impact and all 25 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The commission considered that the most probable cause of the accident was an adverse combination of the following factors:
- Icing of the stabilizer (probably due to lack of heating in the leading edge),
- A pitch manoeuvre executed to correct a deviation from the glide path which resulted in a g-loading of 0,6 - 0,5,
- Extension of the flaps to the full landing setting, which had the effect of degrading the airflow over the lower surface of the stabilizer and, consequently, of producing loads on the control column which promoted a further increase in the negative g-loading and prevented recovery of the aircraft from the developing nosedive.
Owing the destruction of the aircraft it was not possible to check the actual functioning of the stabilizer deicing system.
Final Report:

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V near Leninabad: 79 killed

Date & Time: Feb 24, 1973 at 0737 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-75712
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Dushanbe - Leninabad - Moscow
MSN:
189 0018 04
YOM:
1959
Flight number:
SU630
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
71
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
79
Aircraft flight hours:
20404
Aircraft flight cycles:
9590
Circumstances:
While cruising at an altitude of 6,600 meters, the crew received the permission to descent to 4,500 meters when the automatic pilot system was deactivated. Suddenly, the airplane banked left to an angle of 90° then entered a dive. At an altitude of 2,200 meters, due to excessive g loads, the left wing separated and the aircraft caught fire. Out of control, it crashed at a speed of 840 km/h in an open field located 8,4 km southeast of Buston Station, about 38 km northwest of Leninabad Airport. The aircraft disintegrated on impact and all 79 occupants have been killed.
Probable cause:
The exact cause of the accident could not be determined with certainty. However, the assumption that the loss of control, that occurred just after the automatic pilot system has been deactivated, was caused by the failure of an attitude indicator was not ruled out.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18D in Nicosia: 37 killed

Date & Time: Jan 29, 1973
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
SU-AOV
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Cairo - Nicosia
MSN:
188 0110 03
YOM:
1968
Flight number:
MS741
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
30
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
37
Circumstances:
While approaching Nicosia Airport by night on a flight from Cairo, the crew failed to realize his altitude was insufficient when, at an altitude of 2,600 feet, the four engine airplane struck the slope of Mt Kyrenia located 16 km from runway 14 threshold. The wreckage was found 117 meters below the summit and all 37 occupants have been killed.
Probable cause:
Controlled flight into terrain.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V off Sochi: 109 killed

Date & Time: Oct 1, 1972 at 1925 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-75507
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Sochi - Moscow
MSN:
183 0064 05
YOM:
1963
Flight number:
SU1036
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
101
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
109
Aircraft flight hours:
15718
Aircraft flight cycles:
7899
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from Sochi-Adler Airport, while climbing by night at an altitude of 200 meters, the airplane initiated a right turn according to departure procedures then made a left turn, entered a dive and crashed into the Black Sea, about 10 km offshore. Some debris and dead bodies were found in the evening while the main wreckage sank by a depth of about 1,000 meters. None of the 109 occupants survived the crash and the wreckage was not recovered.
Probable cause:
Due to lack of evidences, the exact cause of the accident could not be determined with certainty. However, the assumption that the loss of control may have been caused by the failure of an instrument or an in-flight collision with migratory birds was not ruled out.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V near Magnitogorsk: 102 killed

Date & Time: Aug 31, 1972 at 1019 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-74298
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Karaganda - Moscow
MSN:
182 0045 05
YOM:
1962
Flight number:
SU558
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
93
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
102
Aircraft flight hours:
10798
Aircraft flight cycles:
4249
Circumstances:
The four engine airplane departed Karaganda Airport at 0831LT on a schedule service (SU558) to Moscow-Domodedovo. En route, while cruising at an altitude of 7,200 meters, the crew informed ATC about smoke in the cabin and cockpit and request to divert to Magnitogorsk Airport for an emergency landing. During the descent, at a speed of 370 km/h, in a flat attitude, gears and flaps retracted, the airplane struck the ground and crashed in flames in an open field located 23 km north of the airport. The aircraft was totally destroyed and all 102 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The cause of the disaster was the intensive development of a fire that broke out in the rear cargo hold, which led to a complete or partial loss of the crew's working capacity, the impossibility of visual flight and observation of instruments due to smoke in the cockpit and the exclusion of the possibility of a successful flight outcome. The most likely cause of the fire was the triggering of pyrotechnic devices, the ignition or self-ignition of flammable materials in the baggage of passengers whose traces were found in the remains of baggage.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18B in Arkhangelsk

Date & Time: Aug 26, 1972
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-75663
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
188 0007 02
YOM:
1958
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On final approach to Arkhangelsk-Talagi Airport, during the last segment, the four engine airplane went through a local bank of fog. The pilot-in-command lost momentarily visual contact with the ground and the decision to go around was taken too late, causing the aircraft to land hard. After touchdown, the airplane went out of control, veered off runway, contacted obstacles and came to rest. All occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V in Sofia: 28 killed

Date & Time: Dec 21, 1971 at 2332 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
LZ-BES
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Sofia - Algiers
MSN:
185 0081 04
YOM:
1965
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
11
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
62
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
28
Circumstances:
Just after liftoff, while climbing by night to a height of 8 meters, the airplane banked left, causing the left wing to struck the runway surface. Out of control, the airplane crashed in flames in a grassy area located on the left side of the runway. Among the debris scattered on a distance of 400 meters, 45 injured people were evacuated while 28 others were killed, among them two crew members and the Bulgarian singer Pacha Hristova who was travelling to Algeria with members of the Bulgarian folklorik band 'Aura'.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the airplane was just returning into service following ground maintenance. For unknown reason, technicians failed to comply with maintenance procedure and it was determined that the aileron control cables were not properly connected.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V off Copenhagen: 32 killed

Date & Time: Aug 28, 1971 at 1852 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HA-MOC
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Oslo – Copenhagen – Berlin – Budapest
MSN:
181 9929 03
YOM:
1961
Flight number:
MA731
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
25
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
32
Aircraft flight hours:
13150
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Oslo, the crew started the descent to Copenhagen-Kastrup Airport in marginal weather conditions. The crew was cleared to descend to 5,000 feet then 1,500 feet when he was trying to intercept the ILS of runway 22L. On final, the four engine aircraft nosed down and plunged into the Øresund few hundred yards off the Saltholm Island. Rescuers were able to evacuate 3 passengers while 31 other occupants were killed. Three days later, one of the survivor died from his injuries.
Probable cause:
The probable cause of this accident was loss of control of the aircraft at the moment where the aircraft was about to intercept the ILS glideslope to runway 22L at Copenhagen airport, Kastrup.
Although it has not been possible to establish the cause of the loss of control, it is most likely to believe that the aircraft in the landing configuration was affected by a deterioration of the airflow over the tailplane to such a degree that longitudinal stability was lost.

Emergency landing of an Ilyushin II-18B in Rostov

Date & Time: Jan 21, 1971
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-75727
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Almaty – Karaganda – Rostov-on-Don – Simferopol
MSN:
18000 23 03
YOM:
1961
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On the leg from Karaganda to Rostov-on-Don of a flight from Almaty to Simferopol when probably the autopilot system failed while the aircraft was flying at a height of 7,800 metres by night. The aircraft banked to the left, entered a dive and was recovered by the crew at a height of some 5,000 metres. The crew managed to land safely at Rostov-on-Don, but the aircraft suffered structural damage during the dive with up to 3.5 g forces, and was damaged beyond repair. There were no casualties. SOC 29sep71 as worn out.
Probable cause:
Loss of control in flight caused by a probable failure of the autopilot system.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18D in Zurich: 45 killed

Date & Time: Jan 18, 1971 at 1549 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
LZ-BED
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Paris - Sofia
MSN:
186 0090 02
YOM:
1966
Flight number:
LZ130
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
39
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
45
Captain / Total flying hours:
8444
Captain / Total hours on type:
3460.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
9932
Copilot / Total hours on type:
3627
Aircraft flight hours:
8622
Aircraft flight cycles:
3136
Circumstances:
In the afternoon, the airplane departed Paris on flight LZ130 to Sofia, carrying 39 passengers and a crew of eight. While cruising at its assigned altitude vertical to Luxeuil VOR, the captain requested to ATC the permission to divert to Zurich-Kloten Airport. The reason for this rerouting was unknown. The crew was cleared to change his route and continued over south of West Germany before starting a descent to Zurich. The approach to runway 16 at Zurich-Kloten was initiated in poor weather conditions with fog reducing the horizontal visibility to 600 meters and the vertical visibility to 60 meters. On final, the left main gear and the left wing tip struck the ground. The airplane gain a little height then struck the ground, lost its four engines and crashed in flames about 700 meters short of runway threshold, slightly out from the approach path. The aircraft was totally destroyed by impact forces and a post crash fire and only two occupants survived the accident, the captain and a boy aged 12. All 45 other occupants were killed. The occupants were respectively 14 West German, 12 Bulgarian (among them 8 crew members), 9 French, 4 Syrians, 2 Lebanese, one Brazilian, one Dutch, one Argentinian, one Austrian, one Finnish and one British.
Probable cause:
The reason why the crew wanted to divert to Zurich-Kloten Airport could not be determined. Nevertheless, it was determined that during an ILS approach to runway 16 in thick fog, the crew neglected several published procedures which led the aircraft to pass below the minimum descent altitude and the approach path. The lack of visibility due to fog was considered as a contributing factor as the crew was unable to establish a visual contact with the ground and the runway. The last technical revision (50 hours) was completed two days prior to the accident, the 600 hours check on December 2, 1970 and the big revision (check C) was completed on May 31, 1969. At the time of the accident, the airplane was considered as airworthy and no technical anomalies was reported. The eight crew members were respectively a captain, a copilot, a navigator, a flight engineer, a radio navigator, an aspirant radio navigator, one steward and one stewardess.