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Crash of a Convair CV-240-4 off Folkestone: 3 killed

Date & Time: Jun 19, 1954 at 2300 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HB-IRW
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Geneva – London
MSN:
61
YOM:
1948
Location:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
While overflying The Channel by night at an altitude of 12,000 feet, the port engine stopped. The captain feathered its propeller, informed ATC about his position and obtained the permission to divert to Manston Airport. Few minutes later, the right engine failed as well. The crew decided to ditch the aircraft about 12 km off Folkestone. After one hour, four crew members and two passengers were rescued by the crew of a boat while three other passengers drowned. The aircraft later sank and was lost.
Probable cause:
Failure of both engine in flight following a fuel exhaustion. It was determined that at the time of the accident, fuel tanks were empty as the aircraft was not refueled prior to takeoff from Geneva Airport. Investigations revealed that the crew requested to refuel before takeoff but for unknown reason, this operation was not completed. Also, both pilots failed to follow the pre-departure checklist and failed to check the fuel jauges prior to departure.

Crash of a Douglas DC-4-1009 in Amsterdam

Date & Time: Dec 14, 1951 at 1857 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HB-ILO
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Zurich – Amsterdam
MSN:
43098
YOM:
1947
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
15
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The approach to Amsterdam-Schiphol Airport was completed in thick fog. The captain told the crew that if the ground was not in sight at a height of 50 meters, he would divert to Brussels. On final approach to runway 23, at a distance of 400 meters from the runway threshold, the four engine aircraft hit the ground in a flat attitude. Upon impact, the undercarriages were sheared off, the airplane crashed and came to rest in flames 300 meters short of runway threshold. All 20 occupants were evacuated safely, except for the stewardess who was seriously injured by fire.
Crew:
O. Schüpbach, pilot,
E. Bill, copilot,
E. Senn, flight engineer,
M. Rüdlinger, radio operator,
M. Hutmacher, stewardess.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the crew continued an ILS approach in low visibility and passed below the minimum descent altitude without having any visual contact with the ground. In such conditions, it would be safer to abandon the approach procedure for a go around maneuver.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas DC-4-1009A in Sydney

Date & Time: Dec 13, 1950 at 0600 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HB-ILE
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Zurich – Geneva – Shannon – Gander – New York
MSN:
43073
YOM:
1947
Country:
Crew on board:
11
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
20
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
While approaching Gander in poor weather conditions, ATC instructed the crew to divert to Sydney, Nova Scotia. On final approach, the aircraft was too low and hit three approach lights. Immediately, the pilot in command increased power but as both left engines were damaged by obstacle impact, they failed to respond properly. As a result, the left wing stalled and the aircraft crashed in flames few dozen yards short of runway. All 31 occupants were able to evacuate the cabin and the crew extinguished the fire. Unfortunately, thirty minutes later, another fire erupted on the left side of the aircraft, partially destroying the airplane. Carrying 2,5 tons of cargo, the aircraft christened 'Zürich' was performing a regular schedule flight from Zurich to New York via Geneva, Shannon and Gander.
Probable cause:
The impact of the aircraft with the ground while out of control due to failure on the part of the captain to maintain sufficient height to clear the approach light poles, three of which were struck by the aircraft. After striking the approach light poles, the captain and first officer were unable to maintain control of the aircraft due to the malfunctioning of numbers 1 and 2 engines and structural damage to the left wing and flap.

Crash of a Junkers JU.86z-2 in Konstanz: 6 killed

Date & Time: Jul 20, 1939 at 1850 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HB-IXA
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Vienna – Zurich
MSN:
951
YOM:
1939
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Circumstances:
The twin engine airplane departed Vienna-Schwechat Airport on a regular schedule service to Zurich (Dübendorf), carrying four passengers and two crew members. While approaching Konstanz, the left engine failed. The crew reduced his altitude in an attempt to make an emergency landing. During the last turn completed at a height of some 150 feet, the aircraft banked left, stalled and crashed in an open field. The airplane was destroyed and all six occupants were killed.
Crew:
Walter Ackermann, pilot,
Anton Mannhart, radio navigator.
Probable cause:
Engine failure. The accident apparently resulted from a loss of flying speed during a one-engine operation, and as HB-IXA was making a left turn with its undercarriage extended. A recovery was also impossible due to the low distance separating the aircraft from the ground.

Crash of a Douglas DC-2-115B in Senlis: 5 killed

Date & Time: Jan 7, 1939 at 1630 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HB-ITA
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Zurich – Paris
MSN:
1329
YOM:
1935
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
14
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Circumstances:
While descending to Paris-Le Bourget Airport in marginal weather conditions, the crew failed to realize he was flying too low. The twin engine aircraft hit the ground and lost partially its both wings before coming to rest in an open field located in Senlis, some 30 km northeast of Le Bourget Airport. The cabin remained relatively intact while the cockpit was destroyed. Two passengers and all three crew members were killed.
Crew:
Egon Frei, pilot,
Kurt Walter, radio navigator,
Josie Brooke, stewardess.

Crash of a General Aviation Clark GA-43A on Mt Rigi: 2 killed

Date & Time: Apr 30, 1936
Operator:
Registration:
HB-ITU
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Frankfurt - Basel
MSN:
2204
YOM:
1935
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
The crew was performing a cargo flight from Frankfurt to Basel. At night and in unfavorable weather conditions, the crew overflew Basel without locating the airport and continued to the southeast, in direction to the center of Switzerland. Dozen minutes later, the single engine aircraft impacted the west slope of the Mt Rigi (1,798 metres high) located 4,5 km southeast of Küssnacht. The wreckage was found in a snow covered forest located some 92 km southeast of Basel-Sternenfeld Airport. Both crew members were killed.
Crew:
Ernst Gerber, pilot,
Arthur Müller, radio navigator.
Probable cause:
Controlled flight into terrain after the crew missed the airport of Basel and apparently got lost overt Switzerland while flying at night and marginal weather conditions.

Crash of a Douglas DC-2-115B in Dübendorf

Date & Time: Feb 28, 1936
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HB-ITI
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Zurich – Croydon
MSN:
1321
YOM:
1934
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Just after lift off from Dübendorf Airport, the captain Walter Mittelholzer noted the aircraft was unable to gain sufficient altitude as the speed was too low. He decided to land past the runway but the aircraft hit a fence, lost its left main gear and slid for few dozen metres before colliding with trees and coming to rest in an orchard. The captain, the radio navigator and two passengers were injured while all four other occupants were unhurt. The aircraft was considered as damaged beyond repair as the right wing was partially torn off and the left wing severely crushed. At the time of the accident, weather conditions were poor with snow falls and icing that probably reduced the aircraft performances upon takeoff.

Crash of a Curtiss AT-32C Condor II in Tuttlingen: 12 killed

Date & Time: Jul 27, 1934 at 0950 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CH-170
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Zurich – Stuttgart – Leipzig – Berlin
MSN:
53
YOM:
1934
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
9
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
12
Circumstances:
The airplane departed Dübendorf Airport on a schedule service to Berlin with intermediate stops in Stuttgart and Leipzig. After passing the border between Switzerland and Germany, while cruising at an altitude of 3,000 feet, the crew encountered poor weather conditions with thunderstorm activity and turbulences. The right wing detached and the aircraft entered an uncontrolled descent then crashed in a wooded area located in Tuttlingen, some 30 km north of the Swiss/German border. The aircraft was completely demolished by impact forces and all 12 occupants were killed. This was the first accident involving a Swissair's aircraft since its foundation in 1931. Brand new, the aircraft was in service by the Swiss National carrier since March 28, 1934.
Crew:
Armin Mühlematter, pilot,
Hans Daschinger, radio navigator,
Nelly Diener, stewardess. First official stewardess in Europe, she started her carrier by Swissair on May 1st, 1934.
Probable cause:
The break-up was attributed to the failure of the aircraft’s starboard wing due to fractures in the power plant/wing structure. Oscillations were blamed for causing the original fractures in the structure, with stress from unfavorable winds encountered in the cloud through which CH-170 had flown factoring in the ultimate failure. The German investigative commission ruled that one of the original fractures was facilitated by defects with respect to construction and welding technology. A second fracture, occurring later, apparently resulted from what was described as ‘brute’ force.