Crash of an Avro 685 York C.1 in Stansted: 2 killed

Date & Time: Apr 30, 1956 at 0930 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
G-AMUL
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Stansted – Luqa – Habbaniya
MSN:
MW308
YOM:
1946
Location:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
49
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
The flight was to be via Malta to Habbaniya, Iraq, and was being made on charter by the Air Ministry to carry RAF personnel and their families. On board were 5 crew members, 45 passengers and four babies. The take-off run was begun at approximately 0930 hours Greenwich Mean Time. After travelling some 300 yards along the temporary runway, the aircraft developed a swing to starboard with a consequential skidding movement of the tires so severe that within a further distance of less than 100 yards it left the runway on the starboard side still under the influence of the swing, skidding and travelling at about 45 knots. On reaching a 'French' drain some 25 feet from the runway the undercarriage collapsed, the starboard wheel fell clear and the aircraft settled on its belly and on the port wheel. The aircraft finally came to rest pointing back almost in the direction from which it had begun its run. One aircraftsman and a 4-year old girl were killed and 4 other passengers were seriously injured.
Probable cause:
An over-correction of the portward course of the aircraft possibly accompanied by some application of the starboard brake caused the aircraft to swing to starboard off the runway and to encounter the "French" drain with the resulting failure of the undercarriage. The over-correction by the pilot, whether or not accompanied by some application of the starboard brake, should be termed a grave error of judgment and skill rather than a wrongful act or default.
Final Report:

Crash of an Avro 685 York C.1 in Luqa: 50 killed

Date & Time: Feb 18, 1956 at 1323 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
G-ANSY
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Luqa – Stansted
MSN:
MW193
YOM:
1945
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
45
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
50
Circumstances:
The aircraft, which had arrived at Malta at 1046LT on the same day, took off from Luqa Aerodrome, Malta on a flight to Stansted, England. The aircraft became airborne about two thirds of the way down the runway and the undercarriage was retracted. About this time black smoke was seen coming from the No. 1 engine. The aircraft instead of turning to starboard as instructed by the Ground Control appeared to drift to port. The port wing dipped steeply and at 1222-23 hours the aircraft nose-dived into the ground on the cliffs near Zurrieq and blew up on impact. The crew of 5 and 45 passengers were all killed.
Probable cause:
The probable cause of the accident was the failure of No. 1 engine. However, failure alone did not cause the accident, which was caused by loss of speed and consequent loss of control through an error of judgment of the pilot.
Final Report:

Crash of an Avro 685 York C.1 in Stansted

Date & Time: Sep 22, 1954
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
G-ANRC
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
SET60
YOM:
1947
Location:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
44
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The takeoff was started in strong crosswinds. During the takeoff run, the airplane deviated to the left and the pilot overcorrected so the aircraft swung to the right when the left main gear collapsed. Out of control, the airplane veered off runway and came to rest in flames. While all 49 occupants were quickly evacuated, the aircraft was destroyed by fire.

Crash of an Avro 685 York I in RAF Lyneham

Date & Time: Nov 27, 1952 at 0915 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
G-AMGM
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Stansted – Lyneham – Singapore
MSN:
1355
YOM:
1946
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The accident occurred towards the end of a positioning flight from Stansted to Lyneham prior to an intended flight with freight from Lyneham to Singapore. Before departing from Stansted the captain telephoned the Meteorological Office at Lyneham and obtained the local weather situation. The en route flight to Lyneham was without incident and on arrival overhead a Ground Controlled Approach to Runway 07 was begun. The aircraft intercepted the glide path at 2,000 feet and a normal talk-down approach was made until the 114 mile from touch-down position was reached. During the approach a normal descent was maintained with variations of up to 50 ft. above the glide path. At the 1/4 mile from touch-down position the aircraft's echo disappeared from the Tracker's Radar screen in a downward direction indicating a high rate of descent. At this time the captain, who was concentrating on the flight instruments, was warned suddenly by the co-pilot that there were trees ahead. The captain immediately pulled back the control column but was unable to prevent the aircraft striking the upper branches of trees and the ridge of steeply sloping ground approximately 140 yards short of the touch-down point. The aircraft was severely damaged and three of the crew were slightly injured. There was no fire.
Probable cause:
The accident occurred as a result of the captain's allowing the aircraft to descend below critical height during a Ground controlled Approach without having visual reference to the ground.
The contributory causes were:
- The captain was not warned by the talk-down controller that the aircraft was approaching break-off altitude,
- The visibility at the threshold of Runway 07 was less than the airfield visibility which had been reported to the captain-
- The aircraft was affected by a downdraught which caused it to sink below the glide path. The glide path at Lyneham allows for less obstacle clearance than is normal with a civil installation.
Final Report:

Crash of a Handley Page HP.70 Halifax VIII in Bergamo

Date & Time: Jul 31, 1947
Operator:
Registration:
G-AHZJ
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Bergamo – Stansted
MSN:
1331
YOM:
1946
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
During the takeoff roll, the aircraft went out of control, veered off runway and came to rest. All five crew members were unhurt while the aircraft christened 'Port of Marseilles' was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
A tyre burst during the takeoff roll, causing the aircraft to be uncontrollable.