Learjet 36

The crew was executing the ILS approach and had turned back inbound on the procedure turn to the outer marker when the copilot stated they were 5.9 DME in a calm voice with no indication of a problem. Impact with the ground occurred at about 5.9 DME, approximately 10 statute miles from the airport, while the aircraft was in a slight nose up, slight right wing down attitude, with a high vertical rate of descent, and a high forward speed. The aircraft was demolished. No evidence of a pre-impact failure or malfunction of the aircraft or its systems could be found. The copilot was not rated in the aircraft and had logged a total of 7.9 hours of jet time in his personal logbook.

Struck the ground and crashed on approach to Sebha Airport. All three occupants were injured and the aircraft was destroyed.

The airplane departed London on an executive flight to Forli, carrying two pilots and one passenger, Mr. Serafino Ferruzzi, founder and owner of the Italian Group Ferruzzi S.p.A. The approach to Forli Airport was initiated by night and poor weather conditions. On short final, the crew failed to realize his altitude was too low when the left wing struck a tv antenna located on the top of a hill, some 2,300 meters short of runway 12 threshold. The airplane lost height and crashed on a house. All three people on board the aircraft as well as two people in the house were killed. At the time of the accident, the horizontal visibility was limited to 300 metres due to heavy rain falls and the runway 12 ILS glideslope was inoperative.
Crew:
Enzo Villani, pilot,
Roberto Cases, copilot.
Passenger:
Serafino Ferruzzi.
Those killed on ground were Fiorella Ricci et Libero Ricci.

On 22 September this aircraft, with the same crew and passengers, arrived on a charter flight Beirut - Amman at 1515 GMT. Although originally scheduled for departure at 0900 GMT on the 23rd, further planning advanced the departure to 0700 GMT and this crew volunteered to make the flight as the scheduled crew could not be notified of the change in timing. The aircraft was topped off with 260 U.S. gal of fuel at 1830 GMT, making the fuel load equivalent to 4,500 lb. There was approximately 200 lb of fuel in the fuselage tank. The fuelling top-off on the 22nd and morning departure were supervised by a licensed Arab Wing mechanic. The first officer undertook an outside pre-flight inspection and then called the tower for take-off data. The right-hand engine was started at approximately 0700. Start-up clearance was requested and at 0703 the crew were notified that start-up clearance would be at 0715. When the tower advised the crew they could start up, the captain requested taxi clearance, and during taxi-out was advised to slow down. Owing to coordination of traffic beyond the borders of Jordan, the crew were informed that take-off clearance would be 0729 or later. At 0724 request for take-off was again made and the tower advised that clearance was 0729. At 0729 the aircraft was cleared by the tower for take-c~ff and after this was acknowledged, no further voice communication was carried out from the aircraft. The time lapse from acknowledgement of clearance to "Mayday" call from a taxiing Academy aircraft was 55 seconds.The referenced aircraft was seen after take-off from runway 24 to suddenly drop the left wing while in climb attitude, make a recovery to wings level and then continue in a slow roll to the right beginning descent. During this descending roll the nose of the aircraft was observed tu oscillate once or twice as if forward stick pressure was being exerted. Recovery was not effected and the aircraft impacted on the cockpit area in an inverted position on hard ground approximately 8 ft north of the parallel taxiway. Disintegration began at this point with the aircraft separating into three major sections; cockpit and cabin, aft fuselage from fuel tank bulkhead to vertical and horizontal stabilizer, and wings with gear extended. Fuel ignition was generated at ground impact of the right wing tip tank and fire contributed to damage to the aft fuselage as well as to wing leading edges. The cockpit and cargo floor came to rest approximately 350 ft along the ground path with the aft fuselage section being stopped by a tree 375 ft along the ground path. The wings landed inverted at a distance of 573 ft with leading edge facing towards the main wreckage. The accident was not survivable owing to the impact forces experienced.