Ground fire of a Tupolev TU-154B-2 in Surgut: 3 killed

Date & Time: Jan 1, 2011 at 1525 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
RA-85588
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Surgut - Moscow
MSN:
83A588
YOM:
1983
Flight number:
KGL348
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
126
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
12202
Captain / Total hours on type:
2780.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
3775
Copilot / Total hours on type:
3279
Aircraft flight hours:
32354
Aircraft flight cycles:
13147
Circumstances:
Ready for taxi, the crew started the engines when a short circuit occurred and a fire erupted in the rear compartment. The evacuation of all 134 occupants was initiated but three passengers died while 32 others were seriously injured. The aircraft was totally destroyed by fire. The OAT was -29° C at the time of the incident.
Probable cause:
A short circuit emerged while the aircraft generators were connected to the aircraft's electrical system after start-up of the engines, via an APU. The short circuit caused a strong fire in the generators compartment in the tail which spread rapidly through the fuselage. The cause of the fire was an electrical arc produced by electrical currents exceeding ten to 20 times the nominal loads when two generators not synchronized with each other were brought online but got connected together instead of being connected to parallel busses. The following contributing factors were identified:
- Poor technical conditions of contacts TKS233DOD responsible for connecting the generators with the electrical busses, that were damaged by prolonged operation without maintenance. A contact normally open was welded and fractured insulation material moved between contacts that are normally closed. These abnormal contact positions led to the connection between #2 and #3 generators.
- Differences in the schematic diagrams of generator 2 and generators 1 and 3. When the switch is moved from "check" to "enable" with no delay in the "neutral" position generator 2 is brought online without time delay which leads to increased wear of normally closed contacts in the TKS233DOD unit.
- The specific design of the electrical systems to ensure power supply to each bus from either the APU or either engine integrated drive generator.
Final Report:

Ground accident of a Saab 340A in Nassau

Date & Time: Jan 7, 2010 at 1145 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
C6-SBE
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Nassau - Marsh Harbour
MSN:
99
YOM:
1987
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Two crew took place in the cockpit to prepare the aircraft for a scheduled commercial service to Marsh Harbour. In unknown circumstances, all three landing gear retracted, causing the aircraft to fall on the ground. Both occupants were uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair. It is unknown if the retraction of the undercarriage was the consequence of a mechanical failure or a mishandling from the crew.

Ground explosion of a Basler BT-67 in Medellín

Date & Time: Feb 18, 2009 at 1510 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PNC-0211
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Medellín – Quibdó
MSN:
25667
YOM:
1944
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
25
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Parked on the apron at Medellín-Enrique Olaya Herrera Airport, the aircraft was prepared for a flight to Quibdó with two pilots and 25 policemen from the Escuadrón Móvil Antidisturbios (ESMAD). While the people were boarding the airplane, an explosion occurred. The aircraft was destroyed but there was no serious injuries among the 27 people. It is believed that the explosion was caused by the inadvertent detonation of a grenade used by one of the policemen.

Ground fire of a Boeing 767-281SF in San Francisco

Date & Time: Jun 28, 2008 at 2218 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N799AX
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
San Francisco – Wilmington
MSN:
23432/145
YOM:
1986
Flight number:
ABX1611
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On June 28, 2008, about 2215 Pacific daylight time, an ABX Air Boeing 767-200, N799AX, operating as flight 1611 from San Francisco International Airport, San Francisco, California, experienced a ground fire before engine startup. The captain and the first officer evacuated the airplane through the cockpit windows and were not injured, and the airplane was substantially damaged. The cargo flight was operating under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 121. At the time of the fire, the airplane was parked near a loading facility, all of the cargo to be transported on the flight had been loaded, and the doors had been shut.
Probable cause:
The National Transportation Safety Board determines that the probable cause of this accident was the design of the supplemental oxygen system hoses and the lack of positive separation between electrical wiring and electrically conductive oxygen system components. The lack of positive separation allowed a short circuit to breach a combustible oxygen hose, release oxygen, and initiate a fire in the supernumerary compartment that rapidly spread to other areas. Contributing to this accident was the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) failure to require the installation of nonconductive oxygen hoses after the safety issue concerning conductive hoses was initially identified by Boeing.
Final Report:

Ground accident of a Boeing 727-247 in Pointe-Noire

Date & Time: Jan 25, 2008
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
9L-LEF
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
21482/1341
YOM:
1978
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
While parked at Pointe-Noire Airport, the aircraft was struck by an Antonov AN-12 registered EK-11660 and operated by Aéro-Service that just completed a cargo flight from Brazzaville with 6 crew members on board. Following a normal landing, the crew of the AN-12 vacated the runway and while approaching the apron, they lost control of the aircraft that collided with the parked Boeing 727. All six crew members on board the AN-12 were injured, both pilots seriously. Both aircraft were damaged beyond repair. The Boeing 727 was empty at the time of the ground collision.
Probable cause:
It is believed that the loss of control was the consequence of a brakes failure.

Ground accident of an Airbus A340-642X in Toulouse

Date & Time: Nov 15, 2007 at 1710 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
F-WWCJ
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
856
YOM:
2007
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
24
Circumstances:
The aircraft registered F-WWCJ was tested at a fixed point at Toulouse-Blagnac Airport. The current mission consisted of various test' systems with airline technicians who had ordered the plane. It unfolded engines in operation without chocks wheel. At the end of these tests, after having stopped and inspected the engines, the technicians restarted them for a new fixed point at high power, to find the source of oil seeps. About three minutes after power-up, the aircraft began to moving forward. The technician in the left seat noticed the movement and informed the test technician in the right seat. The latter acted on the brakes located rudder pedals then released the parking brake. The DFDR then shows a release of the brake command with the rudder bar. As the plane continues to advance, he tried to deviate from his course using the steering wheel. The nose gear quickly got in the way as the plane accelerated. The plane struck an inclined blast wall. Its front part broke and flipped over to the other side. Thirteen seconds elapsed between the start of the aircraft's movement and the shock with the wall. The aircraft was destroyed and all nine occupants were injured, four seriously.
Probable cause:
The accident was due to completion without chocks and on all four engines at the same time of a test during which the thrust was close to the capacity of the parking brake. The lack of a system for detecting and correcting drifts while carrying ground tests, in a context of industrial pressure and permanent sales force, encouraged a test to be carried out outside of the established procedures. The surprise led the ground test technician to focus on the brakes; therefore, he did not think of reducing the engines thrust.
Final Report:

Ground fire of an Antonov AN-32B in Mitú

Date & Time: Aug 27, 2007 at 0950 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HK-4117
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Villavicencio – Mitú
MSN:
29 09
YOM:
1992
Country:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The aircraft completed a cargo flight from Villavicencio to Mitú, carrying four crew members and a load consisting of fuel drums. After all fuel drums were offloaded by ground crew, the pilot contacted the fire brigade because fuel leaked on the cabin floor and around the aircraft. Airport firefighters approached to attend the event but were not allowed the use or foam or water due to electrical and electronic equipment that could be affected by the liquid. After starting the APU and the right engine for the flight back to Villavicencio, an explosion occurred. The crew shut down the engines and evacuated the aircraft. Firefighters were unable to extinguish the rapidly developing fire and the aircraft was totally destroyed.
Probable cause:
Lack of adequate and effective procedures for fuel handling by the company and crew. Non-compliance by the crew of the aircraft, of the recommendations made by the Fire Fighting Service Airport and Control Tower.
Final Report:

Ground fire of a Boeing 737-809 in Naha

Date & Time: Aug 20, 2007 at 1033 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
B-18616
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Taipei - Naha
MSN:
30175/1182
YOM:
2002
Flight number:
CI120
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
157
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
7941
Captain / Total hours on type:
3823.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
890
Copilot / Total hours on type:
182
Aircraft flight hours:
13664
Circumstances:
The aircraft departed Taipei-Taoyuan Airport at 0814LT on a schedule service to Naha with 157 passengers and a crew of 8. Following an uneventful flight, the crew was cleared to land on runway 18 and vacated via taxiway E6 then A5. After being stopped at spot 41, engines were shot down when a fire broke out somewhere in an area aft of the right engine and spread to the right wing leading edge near the n°5 slat and the apron surface below the right engine. All 165 occupants evacuated safely while the aircraft was totally destroyed by fire.
Probable cause:
It is considered highly probable that this accident occurred through the following causal chain: When the Aircraft retracted the slats after landing at Naha Airport, the track can that housed the inboard main track of the No. 5 slat on the right wing was punctured, creating a hole. Fuel leaked out through the hole, reaching the outside of the wing. A fire started when the leaked fuel came into contact with high-temperature areas on the right engine after the Aircraft stopped in its assigned spot, and the Aircraft burned out after several explosions. With regard to the cause of the puncture in the track can, it is certain that the downstop assembly having detached from the aft end of the above-mentioned inboard main track fell off into the track can, and when the slat was retracted, the assembly was pressed by the track against the track can and punctured it. With regard to the cause of the detachment of the downstop assembly, it is considered highly probable that during the maintenance works for preventing the nut from loosening, which the Company carried out on the downstop assembly about one and a half months prior to the accident based on the Service Letter from the manufacturer of the Aircraft, the washer on the nut side of the assembly fell off, following which the downstop on the nut side of the assembly fell off and then the downstop assembly eventually fell off the track. It is considered highly probable that a factor contributing to the detachment of the downstop assembly was the design of the downstop assembly, which was unable to prevent the assembly from falling off if the washer is not installed. With regard to the detachment of the washer, it is considered probable that the following factors contributed to this: Despite the fact that the nut was in a location difficult to access during the maintenance works, neither the manufacturer of the Aircraft nor the Company had paid sufficient attention to this when preparing the Service Letter and Engineering Order job card, respectively. Also, neither the maintenance operator nor the job supervisor reported the difficulty of the job to the one who had ordered the job.
Final Report:

Ground explosion of a Douglas C-54B-1-DC Skymaster in Ganes Creek

Date & Time: May 7, 2004 at 2130 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N44911
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Ganes Creek – Fairbanks
MSN:
10461
YOM:
1945
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
11250
Captain / Total hours on type:
5630.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
7465
Copilot / Total hours on type:
1560
Aircraft flight hours:
29667
Circumstances:
The crew of the 4 engine airplane started its engines for a positioning flight from a remote mining airstrip. Following the startup of the engines, an explosion occurred in the left wing area aft of the number 1 engine firewall and number 1 auxiliary fuel tank. The airplane was parked next to the mine's fuel storage tank, and the pilot added power on the remaining engines to move away from the storage tank. Within seconds of beginning to move, the number 1 engine fell off the burning wing, followed by separation and aft folding of the outboard end of the left wing. The outboard end of the wing, however, was still attached via control cables. The pilot taxied the airplane about 200 feet, dragging the partially burning left wing segment to a pond of water and shut down the remaining engines. The crew evacuated with no injuries. Water was applied to the airplane until the fire was extinguished, about 3 1/2 hours later. NTSB and FAA personnel did not travel to the scene, and the airplane was not recovered from the mining strip. The airplane's left wing powerplant and fuel system consists of the number 1 and 2 engines. Each engine is separated from the wing by a firewall. Within the wing, from outboard to inboard, the fuel tank system consists of the number 1 fuel tank, the left wing auxiliary fuel tank, and the number 2 fuel tank. Each wet-wing type fuel tank contains a submerged electrical boost pump, sump drain valves and fuel quantity transmitters. The fuel system has selector valves, crossfeed valves, and shut-off valves for each tank. An FAA inspector examined portions of the airplane that the operator supplied. The inspector examined a portion of the upper wing surface that had been blown away from the airplane during the initial explosion. He noted that the inside of the upper wing surface, normally positioned over the auxiliary tank, was not charred or sooted. A separated portion of the lower wing surface, near the auxiliary boost pump, was sooted and charred. The aft side of the number 1 engine firewall was not charred. A portion of the number 1 engine nacelle was oily, but not sooted or charred. The operator located the auxiliary in-tank boost pump and sent it to the FAA. The boost pump impeller, encased in a small wire cage, was not melted and could be turned by hand. The body of the pump was sooted but not thermally damaged. Its wire connectors and one fuel line were melted. A smaller line, what appeared to be a return line, was not melted.
Probable cause:
A fuel tank explosion in the left wing auxiliary fuel tank, and subsequent fuel fire that occurred during engine start for an undetermined reason.
Final Report:

Ground accident of a Fokker F27 Friendship 500 in Blenheim

Date & Time: Feb 27, 2003 at 1950 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
ZK-NAN
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Blenheim - Blenheim
MSN:
10365
YOM:
1968
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The Airwork F-27 was on a training flight, during which the crew carried out an exercise that simulated a gear problem. They extended the gear using the emergency system. However, after landing they did not select the main gear handle down and in addition did not install the gear locking pins. The crew were then distracted by other events and during this the co-pilot selected the emergency gear handle up to reset the system. The main gear then partially collapsed.