Crash of a Avro 694 Lincoln IIA near San Luis: 10 killed

Date & Time: Oct 26, 1954 at 1800 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
B-023
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
MSN:
1499
Country:
Crew on board:
10
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
10
Circumstances:
The crew was engaged in a bombing training mission when a bomb exploded too early after being released. The airplane crashed near the Salinas de Bebedero lake, about 40 km southwest of San Luis, and all ten occupants have been killed.

Crash of an Avro 696 Shackleton MR.1 at RAF Ballykelly

Date & Time: Oct 26, 1954
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
VP256
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Ballykelly - Ballykelly
YOM:
1950
Region:
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The crew (269th Squadron) was engaged in a training sortie. During the takeoff run, the pilot-in-command started the rotation but the aircraft did not respond. The captain decided to abandon the takeoff procedure and started an emergency braking maneuver. Unable to stop within the remaining distance, the aircraft overran and came to rest dozen yards farther. While all seven crew members were unhurt, the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Poor flight preparation on part of the flying crew who failed to follow the pre-departure checklist and elected to take off with the elevator locks still engaged.

Crash of a Vickers 648 Varsity T.1 near Fenton

Date & Time: Oct 25, 1954
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
WF384
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
543
YOM:
1952
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
While completing a training sortie, the crew encountered a double engine failure and attempted an emergency landing. The aircraft belly landed in a field located near Fenton and came to rest in a river. While both crew members were uninjured, the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Double engine failure in flight.

Crash of a Boeing RB-50G ELINT near Willows: 13 killed

Date & Time: Oct 6, 1954
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
47-154
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Biggs - Biggs
MSN:
15838
YOM:
1947
Crew on board:
17
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
13
Circumstances:
The heavy bomber was engaged in a training mission out from Biggs AAF in El Paso, Texas. While cruising by night in light rain conditions, the airplane went out of control and entered a dive. Three crew members were able to bail out before the aircraft crashed in a field located about three miles southeast of Willows. They were found alive as well as a fourth crew member who was found seriously wounded in the wreckage. All 13 other occupants were killed.
Crew:
Maj John M. Wirt, †
Cpt Keith B. Wright, †
Maj Park B. Herrick, †
M/Sgt Charles M. Ford, †
A2c Daniel A. Baca, †
M/Sgt Clarence Foster, †
A2c Eddie L. Wynne, †
M/Sgt Junior Townsend, †
Cpt Otto Robinson, †
1st Lt John T. Vaughn, †
M/Sgt Howard J. Hansen, †
A2c Williams S. Myers, †
1st Lt John Swisher, †
T/Sgt Natividad Vasquez,
S/Sgt Joseph E. Wittens,
A1c John B. Patton,
Sgt Frank M. Imely.

Crash of a Fairchild C-119G Flying Boxcar at Pope AFB: 2 killed

Date & Time: Oct 6, 1954
Operator:
Registration:
52-5859
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Pope - Pope
MSN:
11018
YOM:
1952
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
7
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from Pope AFB, while climbing, an engine failed. The aircraft stalled and crashed on a barrack under construction. Two crew members were killed while ten other occupants were injured as well as two workers on the ground.
Probable cause:
Engine failure after takeoff.

Crash of an Airspeed AS.10 Oxford I at RAF Middle Wallop

Date & Time: Oct 4, 1954
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PK284
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Middle Wallop - Middle Wallop
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from RAF Middle Wallop, an engine failed. The aircraft stalled and crash landed in a field located one mile west of the airfield. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair and the pilot, sole on board, was unhurt.
Probable cause:
Engine failure shortly after takeoff.

Crash of a Miles M.60 Marathon T.11 in Calne: 5 killed

Date & Time: Sep 30, 1954 at 1145 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
XA271
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Thorney Island – Cosham – Bude – Trowbridge – Northampton – Spalding – Petersfield – Thorney Island
MSN:
124
YOM:
1950
Location:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Circumstances:
The four engine airplane left RAF Thorney Island at 0944LT on a navigation exercice via Cosham, Bude, Trowbridge, Northampton, Spalding, Petersfield and back to Thorney Island at an assigned altitude of 6,000 - 7,000 feet. Enroute, the aircraft went out of control and entered a dive. Passing through the clouds, apparently at an altitude of 1,000 feet, both outer wings separated. At 300 feet, the aircraft made a last turn to the right before crashing in a near vertical position in a field. The aircraft was destroyed and all five crew occupants were killed.
Crew:
Sgt Henry P. S. Fowler, pilot,
P/O James Henry Hurlstone Green, staff navigator,
F/O Eric Arthur Dench, student navigator,
P/O Sumair Persad, student navigator.
Passenger:
Sgt Gordon H. E. Davies, air gunner.
Source & photos: http://f-86.tripod.com/xa271.htm
Probable cause:
The accident was caused by a structural failure of the outer wings. From the sound of the break-up, heard by witnesses as one explosion, and the small area covered by the pieces of wing, the Court considers that both wings failed simultaneously as a result of over-stressing due to the application of positive “G”. The Court was unable to determine any reasons why the aircraft should have got into such a position that the pilot had to over-stress it in recovering. The following circumstances were considered:
- The pilot obtained a bearing from Thorney Island at 1040Z (11.40 am local), five minutes before the aircraft was seen to break up. The Navigator had done 2 minutes work on his chart since 1040Z,
- No emergency calls were received from the aircraft, nor was the VHF on an emergency frequency,
- The height at which the wings broke up was about 1,000 feet. The aircraft could have been visible in the broken cloud to the 5th witness (Mr Comley) at that height, and the time taken for the noise of the explosion to reach the 7th witness (AC/2 Morgan), who was about a mile away [but actually more like 1½ miles], some 5 to 6 seconds, would also indicate that it broke up at this height,
- Comparatively light stick forces at speed can lead to over-stressing the aircraft. This fact is contained in the Pilot’s Order Book at Thorney Island,
- The crash occurred on the southern edge of Airway Green 1. The pilot had not cleared through this airway,
- The cloud conditions at and around 5,000 feet were changeable. It appears from the evidence that in the Calne/Lyneham area both before and after the time Sgt Fowler was approaching, an aircraft would have been in the clear, but perhaps not VFR 500 feet above the cloud tops,
- The measurements of the rudder and elevator trim tab actuators taken at the scene of the crash were set up on another Marathon aircraft and this showed that the rudder trim setting was neutral and the elevator trim setting normal,
- The pilot was very conscientious and had no medical history of disease or injury,
- The freezing level was at 9,000 feet,
- Sgt Fowler’s injuries indicated that he was in the pilot’s seat at the time of impact with the ground.

With the above considerations in mind the court deliberated the following possibilities:
- The pilot lost control during a sudden descent to get under Airway Green 1, and allowed the airspeed to build up to such a figure that only a light stick force on pulling out was necessary to break off the wings,
- The pilot performed a violent maneuver to avoid another aircraft resulting in a steep dive in cloud. No military or civil aircraft were in Airway Green 1 below 9,000 feet at this time,
- There was a failure or jamming of the elevator controls. The control wires will be examined by AIB when they get the wreckage to Croydon and can open up the telescoped portion,
- Instrument failure, causing the pilot to lose control and exceed the limits of the aircraft,
- One or more engines failed, resulting in subsequent loss of control. It is considered that if the aircraft had been under asymmetric power it would have crashed on its initial dive and it is unlikely that the rudder trim tab would have been neutral. The Court does not consider that the engine smoke reported by two of the witnesses has any significance and was most likely caused by the pilot using his throttles in an endeavour to maintain lateral control,
- Unaccountable illness of the pilot. This is not borne out by his medical history or by the people who knew his habits.

Crash of a Convair B-36D-1-CF Peacemaker at Biggs AAF: 1 killed

Date & Time: Aug 28, 1954
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
44-92097
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Biggs - Biggs
MSN:
92
YOM:
1946
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Circumstances:
The crew was completing approaches and landings at Biggs AAF, El Paso, Texas. On final approach by night, the engine lost power. The airplane lost height and crashed 1,300 feet short of runway threshold and came to rest in flames. A crew member was killed.
Probable cause:
Engine loss of power on final approach.

Crash of a Convair RB-36H-25-CF Peacemaker at Ellsworth AFB: 26 killed

Date & Time: Aug 27, 1954 at 2211 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
51-13722
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Ellsworth - Ellsworth
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
23
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
26
Circumstances:
Aircraft Commander Lt Col Wray Cotterill, Pilot 1st Lt Roger Bumps, Co-pilot Captain Neal Williams and a crew of twenty-four took off in RB-36H, 51-13722 of the 77th Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron of the 28th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing from Ellsworth AFB at 4:15 in the morning on August 27, 1954. The crew had just returned from a thirty day leave. Captain Williams had finished a 20-hour mission just 32 hours earlier. Their flight took them to Kansas City, Missouri; Little Rock, Arkansas; Dallas, Texas; and back to Little Rock for radar bombing practice. They flew to Kansas City again and then returned to Ellsworth AFB after flying 3,594 air miles. At 9:00 in the evening the pilots began to practice Planned Position Indicator Ground Control Approaches (GCA PPI) using Air Surveillance Radar. They entered the pattern for Runway 12. GCA PPI was not as precise as GCA precision approach. The minimum altitude for GCA approach was 3,864 feet. The approaches were flown at 145 miles per hour. The landing gear remained retracted. The flaps were lowered to 20 degrees and the landing lights were extended. The night was clear and visibility exceeded 15 miles. During the first four approaches, Lt Bumps flew from the right seat and Captain Williams observed from the left seat. A pair of North American F-86D Sabre Dogs took off from Runway 30 at 9:30. Their pilots noticed that the red obstruction lights on a low range of hills 1-3/4 miles northwest of the runway were not working. The lead pilot notified the Ellsworth tower that the obstruction lights were out. It was not known at the time that they had been disabled by a lightning strike the night before. The civilian Senior Electrician of Air Installations was called shortly before 10:00 P.M. and notified that the obstruction lights needed to be repaired. He assembled a crew at the AIO electrical shop and prepared to drive out to the lights. On the fourth approach, ground control advised Lt Bumps that the obstruction lights northwest of the field were not working. After the fourth pass over the airfield, Col Cotterill moved into the left hand seat to fly the next approach. Col Cotterill flew the approach higher than the glide path specified by the GCA operator. Before the sixth approach, Captain Williams replaced Lt Bumps in the right hand seat. It is believed that Col Cotterill flew the next approach. The RB-36H was flying at 145 miles per hour on a heading of 147 degrees (true), descending at 750 feet per minute when the left wing struck one of the inoperative obstruction lights. Seventy feet beyond the obstruction light the lower fuselage struck the ground 8,777 feet short and 225 feet right of the centerline of Runway 12 at 10:11 P.M. Mountain Standard Time. The impact point was at an elevation of 3,394 feet, 148 feet higher than the runway. The tail section broke away from the fuselage and came to rest 275 feet from the first point of impact. E.C.M. Captain Philip Toups, 1st Lt Roger Bumps and E.C.M. A/1C John Harvey were rescued from the wreckage while 24 other occupants were killed. Cpt Toups died five days after the crash. A/1C Harvey succumbed to his injuries after six days. Eventually, only 1st Lt Roger Bumps survived the crash.
Crew:
Lt Col Wray Cotterill, pilot,
Cpt Neal Williams, copilot,
1st Lt Roger Bumps, copilot,
Maj Martin Margolin, navigator.
Passengers:
Maj Harold Chambers, photo navigator,
Cpt James MacDaniel, radar navigator,
Cpt Roy Wegner, engineer,
M/Sgt William Ratagick, engineer,
A1c Glenn Kerri, ECM,
T/Sgt Charles Briggs, ECM
Cpt Philip Toups, ECM,
A1c John Harvey, ECM,
M/Sgt Carl Boyd, radio operator,
A1c James Swanson, radio operator,
A1c Russell Wilson, photo,
A2c Allen Jenkins, photo,
M/Sgt Dean McKever, gunner,
A1c John Baker, gunner,
A1c George Gross, gunner,
S/Sgt Dennis Murphy, gunner,
A2c George Hertnecky, gunner,
A2c William Lynch, radio operator,
2nd Lt Richard Crittenden, navigator,
2nd Lt Joseph Mullan, engineer,
A2c Marcel Herbert, photo,
A2c Billy Campbell, photo,
A2c Donald Wolf, gunner.
Source & photos: http://www.air-and-space.com
Probable cause:
Several factors contributed to the crash. The altimeter error for the RB-36H was estimated at -160 feet to 270 feet. An additional local terrain effect introduced an additional error of -70 feet to 70 feet. The Rapid City GCA radar was miscalibrated. The range value shown on the radar at the point of impact was off by 1/2 mile. Since the GCA radar indicated that the airplane was 1/2 mile closer than it actually was, it placed the glide slope 150 feet low. In the months preceding and following the crash, at least six pilots reported that GCA instructions might have caused them to land short or that GCA had reported them over the end of the runway before they actually reached it.

Crash of a Avro 652 Anson XI at RAF Chalgrove

Date & Time: Aug 18, 1954
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PH622
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Chalgrove - Chalgrove
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
While completing a local training sortie at RAF Chalgrove, the instructor decided to shot down an engine but was unable to feather its propeller. The aircraft lost height and eventually crash landed in a field located one mile east of the airfield. All three crew members were uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.