Crash of a Douglas C-47B-1-DK in Madrid: 1 killed

Date & Time: Sep 30, 1972
Operator:
Registration:
EC-AQE
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Madrid - Madrid
MSN:
14196/25641
YOM:
1944
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a local training flight at Madrid-Barajas. At liftoff, the airplane lost height, stalled and crashed. A pilot was killed while five other occupants were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the pilot-in-command (a student under training) pulled up to abruptly on the control column and initiated the rotation prematurely as the aircraft's speed was insufficient (between 65 and 70 knots), causing the aircraft to adopt a wrong takeoff configuration and to stall.

Crash of a Douglas DC-8-52 off Las Palmas: 10 killed

Date & Time: Jul 6, 1972 at 0200 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
EC-ARA
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Madrid - Las Palmas
MSN:
45617
YOM:
1961
Flight number:
AO331
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
10
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
10
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a positioning flight from Madrid-Barajas Airport to Las Palmas to pick up German tourists back to Hamburg. While on a night approach to Las Palmas-Gando Airport, the airplane crashed in unknown circumstances into the sea some 22 km east of Arinaga. Few debris were found floating on water and none of the 10 occupants survived the crash. The wreckage sank by a depth of 1,560 meters.
Probable cause:
The exact cause of the accident remains determined.

Ground accident of a Douglas DC-7 in Madrid

Date & Time: Oct 2, 1970
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
EC-ATQ
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
45162
YOM:
1957
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Suffered a ground accident at Madrid-Barajas Airport. No casualties.

Crash of a Piaggio PD-808 in San Sebastian: 6 killed

Date & Time: Jun 18, 1968 at 1650 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
I-PIAI
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Madrid – San Sebastian
MSN:
503
YOM:
1968
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Circumstances:
The airplane was engaged in a demonstration tour within Europe on behalf of the Italian manufacturer Piaggio. On approach to runway 22 in poor weather conditions, the pilot decided to make a go around and initiated a turn to the right when the airplane struck the slope of Mt Jaizkibel located 4 km west of the airport. The wreckage was found about 15 meters below the summit and all six occupants were killed, among them the Italian businessman Lino Zanussi.
Crew/passengers:
Lino Zanussi,
Alfio di Vora,
Giovanni Battista Talotti,
Diego Hurtado de Mendoza,
Sergio Milich,
Davide Albertazzi.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the pilot neglected the published go-around procedures at San Sebastian Airport while initiating a turn to the right as he must turn to the left. The lack of visibility due to poor weather conditions was considered as a contributing factor.

Crash of a Lockheed L-1049G-55 Super Constellation in Tenerife: 30 killed

Date & Time: May 5, 1965 at 2117 LT
Operator:
Registration:
EC-AIN
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Madrid – Tenerife
MSN:
4550
YOM:
1954
Flight number:
IB401
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
40
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
30
Captain / Total flying hours:
12947
Captain / Total hours on type:
4110.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
7802
Copilot / Total hours on type:
350
Circumstances:
Flight 401 was a scheduled domestic flight between Madrid, Spain and Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands. At 2053 hours the aircraft was cleared for approach to runway 30 at the Santa Cruz de Tenerife/Los Rodeos Airport. At this time it was informed by the approach controller that the airport was below meteorological minima and that the following weather conditions prevailed:
Wind : 330/variable 10 to 12 kt, gust to 14 kt
Visibility: 100 to 500 m, reduced to zero over the runway by a bar of stratus
Present weather: distant fog, intermittent fog banks
Clouds: 6/8 stratus from 0 to 30 m
QNH: 30.03 in of Hg
QFE: 942.9 mb
Temperature: 14°
Dew-point : 14°.
This was acknowledged by the flight. The pilot, who saw the beginning of runway 30 clearly but not the rest of it, decided to make a very low run after which he re-applied power for a go-around at 2106 hours. He circled the aerodrome, apparently intending to land, and at 2115 hours reported on final. At 2117 hours he reported to the tower: "401 pulling up to go around", and this was the last communication received from the aircraft. It was subsequently found that, when starting its go-around, the aircraft struck a scraper and tractor located 50 m from the runway edge, with one leg of the undercarriage and the lower aft part of the fuselage. It left various debris scattered about and finally crashed on the western edge of the diversion canal of the Rodeo gorge. From there, it slid about 100 m across private farmland and finally burst into flames. The accident occurred at 2117 hours.
Probable cause:
The pilot-in-command should have proceeded in view of the adverse weather conditions prevailing at the airport, which he should have appreciated during his first fly-past. His partial view of the airport and the glow of lights must have induced him to make a new attempt with the consequences described above.
Final Report:

Crash of a Lockheed L-1049G Super Constellation in Barcelona

Date & Time: Nov 8, 1960
Operator:
Registration:
N7125C
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Madrid – Barcelona
MSN:
4652
YOM:
1956
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
63
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
14413
Circumstances:
The four engine aircraft departed Madrid-Barajas at 1542LT and following an uneventful flight, the crew started the descent to Barcelona-El Prat de Llobregat Airport. On short final, the pilot-in-command did not realize his altitude was insufficient when the main landing gear struck a small earth mound located 34 meters short of runway threshold. Upon impact, the undercarriage were sheared off, the airplane nosed down and struck the runway surface. It skidded for about 170 meters then veered off runway and came to rest in flames. While all 71 occupants evacuated safely (three of them were injured), the aircraft was destroyed by fire. The airplane was leased from Trans World Airlines.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part of the flying crew who continued the approach below the glide.

Crash of a Douglas C-47A-75-DL on Mt Cerro del Télégrafo: 28 killed

Date & Time: Apr 29, 1959 at 1700 LT
Operator:
Registration:
EC-ABC
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Barcelona – Madrid
MSN:
19334
YOM:
1943
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
25
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
28
Circumstances:
The aircraft departed Barcelona-El Prat Airport at 1518LT bound for Barajas in Madrid. Due to poor weather conditions over the Calamocha area, ATC instructed the crew to modify his route. At 1656LT, a last radio contact was made with the crew and four minutes later, while cruising in low visibility, the airplane struck trees and crashed on the east slope of Mt Cerro del Télégrafo (1,900 meters high) located in the Sierra de Valdemeca, about 150 km east of Madrid. Thew wreckage was found 60 meters below the summit and all 28 occupants were killed. At the time of the accident, the airplane was about 600 meters below the prescribed altitude.
Probable cause:
Due to unfavourable weather conditions it was necessary to deviate from the planned route. The exact cause of the accident could not be determined with certainty.

Crash of a SNCASE SE.161 Languedoc on Mt Mujer Muerta: 21 killed

Date & Time: Dec 4, 1958 at 1715 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
EC-ANR
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Vigo – Madrid
MSN:
28
YOM:
1946
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
16
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
21
Circumstances:
The aircraft took off from Vigo airport at 1540 hours on a scheduled flight to Madrid, with a crew of 5 and 16 passengers on board. The flight was cleared IFR for cruising level 95. At 1605 the flight advised Madrid D. F. station that it had overflown Guinzo de Lirnia at 1600, in cloud, and estimated the Salamanca JW radio beacon at 1650. At 1654 the aircraft advised Madrid D. F. station that it had overflown Salamanca at 1650 at level 95 and estimated Madrid at 1730, also that its VHF equipment was out of order, and it was, therefore, requesting Barajas Tower to stand by on 3 023. 5 kc/s. At 1710 Madrid control cleared the aircraft to proceed directly to Barajas radio range, maintaining flight level 95. At 1715 Madrid control authorized the aircraft to switch over to 3 023. 5 kc /s and to establish contact with Barajas Tower on that frequency. This was the last communication with the aircraft. Between 1715 and 1720 the aircraft crashed and burst into flames on the peak of "La Rodilla de la Mujer Muerta" which is 1,999 metres, approximately 800m lower than flight level 95. All aboard were killed and the aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
The above leads to the conclusion that if the accident was due to meteorological factors, icing would have been the factor most directly responsible. It is assumed that during its flight through innocuous stratiform clouds, the aircraft may have encountered a cumulus congestus where sudden severe icing occurred. The following may have taken place:
a) a sudden change in the aerodynamic characteristics of the aircraft may have caused stalling without giving the captain time to initiate recovery action,
b) the aircraft may have lost height rapidly, down to a level where the downdrafts over the lee slope swept it into a lower zone of erratic turbulence that sent it out of control,
c) when icing occurred, the captain may, in the belief he had already passed the mountain divide, have decided to fly below the freezing level which, as he knew, was to be found at about 2 200 metres. It is possible that in assumptions (a) and (b) turbulence within the cumuli may have been a contributing factor. Under severe icing conditions, the mechanical de-icing equipment is practically inoperative. About 40 minutes before the accident, the mountain divide was over- flown, also at level 95, by a scheduled Santiago-Madrid flight. This aircraft found nothing unusual to report, since light icing and turbulence are the normal accompaniments of winter weather in a low pressure area. This fact however, in no way precludes the possibility that shortly thereafter conditions of severe icing may have prevailed.
Final Report:

Crash of a De Havilland DH.86B Express in Madrid

Date & Time: Sep 21, 1958
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
G-ACZP
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
2321
YOM:
1934
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Owned by V. H. Bellamy, the four engine aircraft crash landed at Barajas Airport for unknown reason. There were no casualties.

Crash of a Douglas C-47A-75-DL in Madrid: 21 killed

Date & Time: Oct 28, 1957 at 1805 LT
Operator:
Registration:
EC-ACH
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Tangier – Madrid
MSN:
19332
YOM:
1943
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
17
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
21
Circumstances:
At 1759 hours the aircraft was in contact with Barajas Control Tower and reported normal flight and that the airport was in sight. It requested landing data and asked that the ILS be turned onto test the airborne installation in the prevailing visual meteorological conditions. Barajas replied: "Runway 33, wind calm, QNH 30.13, report on reaching base leg, ILS out of order". At 1803 the aircraft called the Paracuellos Area Control Centre asking for emergency entry clearance as its left engine was on fire. It was given absolute priority for the use of any runway. That was the last contact with the aircraft. Shortly thereafter an engine fell clear, and 30 seconds later an intense light was seen caused by a fire accompanied by columns of black smoke. After making a turn the aircraft began to lose height rapidly and fell to the ground near Getafe. The airplane was destroyed by a post crash fire and all 21 occupants have been killed.
Probable cause:
The accident was caused by a fire produced by extraneous objects, which developed in the left nacelle. A different type of fire would have burned the wheel, the magneto couplings and the landing gear leg; fuel combustion alone would not have been sufficient to weaken so rapidly the engine support fittings.
Final Report: