Region
Crash of a Cessna 414 Chancellor in Linz
Date & Time:
Feb 13, 2004 at 0615 LT
Operator:
Registration:
OE-FRW
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Linz - Stuttgart
MSN:
414-0825
YOM:
1975
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total hours on type:
830.00
Copilot / Total hours on type:
250
Aircraft flight hours:
4463
Circumstances:
The twin engine aircraft departed Linz-Hörsching Airport on a taxi flight to Stuttgart with five passengers and two pilots on board. During the takeoff roll on runway 27, at a speed of 105 knots, the crew started the rotation. Immediately after liftoff, the aircraft adopted a high nose attitude with an excessive angle of attack. It rolled to the left, causing the left gear door and the left propeller to struck the runway surface, followed shortly later by the right propeller. After the speed dropped, the aircraft stalled and crash landed on the runway. It slid for few dozen metres and came to rest 2,752 metres past the runway threshold. All seven occupants were evacuated, one passenger suffered serious injuries. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
The loss of control immediately after liftoff was the consequence of an aircraft contaminated with ice, resulting in an excessive weight, a loss of lift and a consequent stall. The following factors were identified:
- Poor flight preparation,
- The crew failed to follow the SOP procedures prior to takeoff,
- The aircraft has not been deiced prior to takeoff, increasing the total weight of the aircraft by 231 kilos, 8% above the MTOW,
- This situation caused the CofG to be out of the permissible limits,
- Poor judgment on part of the crew when the undercarriage were lowered.
- Poor flight preparation,
- The crew failed to follow the SOP procedures prior to takeoff,
- The aircraft has not been deiced prior to takeoff, increasing the total weight of the aircraft by 231 kilos, 8% above the MTOW,
- This situation caused the CofG to be out of the permissible limits,
- Poor judgment on part of the crew when the undercarriage were lowered.
Crash of an Airbus A310 in Vienna, Austria
Date & Time:
Jul 12, 2000 at 1334 LT
Operator:
Registration:
D-AHLB
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Hania - Hanover
MSN:
0528
YOM:
1990
Flight number:
HF3378
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
143
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
41307
Aircraft flight cycles:
13789
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Chania-Souda Airport, the crew reported technical problems with the right main gear that could not be raised properly in its wheel well. The captain decided to continue to Munich in a gear down configuration but the fuel consumption increased. En route, the crew realized he could not make it to Munich so diverted to Vienna-Schwechat Airport. At a distance of about 12 NM from the airport, at an altitude of 4,000 feet, both engines failed due to fuel exhaustion. One of the engine could be restarted for a short period of time but on short final, the aircraft stalled and struck the ground (a grassy area) about 500 metres short of runway 34. The left main gear broke off, the aircraft slid for some 600 metres then veered to the left and came to rest on its left wing. All 151 occupants were rescued, among them 26 passengers were slightly injured. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Continuation of the flight with a landing gear problem until the engines failed due to fuel exhaustion.
The following findings were identified:
Crew:
- Failure to comply with the company's rules on fuel reserves, caused by several human factors, with extreme workload and stress being the important factor (loss of situational awareness).
- Determination of the fuel reserves using only the FMS, which, due to its characteristics did not take into account the additional fuel consumption.
- Failure to develop alternative strategies to curb the fuel problem.
- Failure to comply with a fuel warning (low fuel level warning) and decision to continue the flight to Vienna International Airport, although the plane was in the immediate vicinity of Zagreb Airport.
Manufacturer:
- Inadequate and misleading documentation (FMS scheme, altitude, terms) for this specific case, particularly in relation to the restriction of FMS.
Operator:
- Inadequate documentation for "abnormal landing gear up indication" of the abnormal checklist.
- Lack of review of the fuel needs by the Operations Division.
Contributing factors:
- Missing or inadequate preventive measures by manufacturers, approving authority and airlines following the previous publications of ICAO and EU DG VII about problems which, with the introduction of aircraft equipped with modern technologies, occurred and had been identified.
- Anthropo-technical construction deficiencies, which favour a misinterpretation of the FMS EFOB display.
The following findings were identified:
Crew:
- Failure to comply with the company's rules on fuel reserves, caused by several human factors, with extreme workload and stress being the important factor (loss of situational awareness).
- Determination of the fuel reserves using only the FMS, which, due to its characteristics did not take into account the additional fuel consumption.
- Failure to develop alternative strategies to curb the fuel problem.
- Failure to comply with a fuel warning (low fuel level warning) and decision to continue the flight to Vienna International Airport, although the plane was in the immediate vicinity of Zagreb Airport.
Manufacturer:
- Inadequate and misleading documentation (FMS scheme, altitude, terms) for this specific case, particularly in relation to the restriction of FMS.
Operator:
- Inadequate documentation for "abnormal landing gear up indication" of the abnormal checklist.
- Lack of review of the fuel needs by the Operations Division.
Contributing factors:
- Missing or inadequate preventive measures by manufacturers, approving authority and airlines following the previous publications of ICAO and EU DG VII about problems which, with the introduction of aircraft equipped with modern technologies, occurred and had been identified.
- Anthropo-technical construction deficiencies, which favour a misinterpretation of the FMS EFOB display.
Final Report:
Crash of a Short SC.7 Skyvan 3M Variant 400 in Zell am See
Date & Time:
Oct 17, 1998 at 1502 LT
Operator:
Registration:
OE-FDF
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Zell am See - Zell am See
MSN:
1958
YOM:
1978
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
19
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
6007
Aircraft flight cycles:
5409
Circumstances:
After takeoff from runway 25 at Zell am See Airport, the aircraft started to roll left and right. It banked right to an angle of 40° then stalled and crashed in an open field near the airport. All 21 occupants were rescued, among them eight were injured. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair after the undercarriage and both wings were torn off upon impact.
Probable cause:
The takeoff was initiated at an insufficient speed of 65 knots. It was determined that the friction locks of the throttles were not or not properly set prior to takeoff. Due to the vibration of the airplane, the throttles slowly retarded during the takeoff roll.
