Crash of a Douglas DC-6A off Cozumel: 5 killed

Date & Time: Oct 31, 1979 at 2127 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
XA-RIO
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Cozumel - Cozumel
MSN:
44908/691
YOM:
1956
Country:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Circumstances:
Crashed into the sea about 10 km off Cozumel while completing a local training flight. All five crew members were killed.

Crash of a Yakovlev Yak-40K near Tikhoretsk

Date & Time: Oct 31, 1979 at 1950 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-87948
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Rostov - Rostov
MSN:
9621245
YOM:
1976
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
11329
Captain / Total hours on type:
3393.00
Circumstances:
The three engine airplane was engaged in a local training flight at Rostov-on-Don Airport, carrying five crew members, among them one instructor and two pilots who have to be trained to become captain. Following seven successful approaches to Rostov Airport, weather conditions deteriorated and the visibility passed below minimums. In such conditions, the instructor decided to continue the training cession in Krasnodar, about 250 km southwest, and was vectored accordingly. At this time, fuel reserves were estimated for 2 hours and 30 minutes of flight. Nevertheless, en route, the crew lost his orientation and due to poor ATC assistance, was unable to fly to Krasnodar and to know his exact position. About an hour later, all three engines stopped due fuel exhaustion and the crew decided to attempt an emergency landing. The aircraft crash landed in an open field, slid for dozen meters and collided with several trees before coming to rest. The wreckage was found 43 km from Tikhoretsk and all five occupants were rescued. The captain and the instructor were injured while three other occupants were unhurt. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
The crew failed to analyze changing weather conditions en route and did not use the radionavigation and integrated navigation equipment with sufficient effectiveness. On their side, ATC based in Rostov and Krasnodar failed to adequately assist the pilots and gave them instructions that were confusing, including reporting points. Despite the fact that the air controller did not know the exact position of the aircraft, he allowed the crew to descend from 5'100 to 1'800 meters for an approach to Krasnodar while the aircraft was actually out of the airport area. The accident was the consequence of an emergency landing made necessary by the fact that the fuel reserves were exhausted. The following factors were considered as contributing:
- Poor flight organization,
- Poor preparation of the training mission,
- Lack of ATC assistance,
- Serious shortcomings in the organization of ATC in the Krasnodar and Rostov control zones.

Crash of a Beechcraft 200 Super King Air near Nantes: 2 killed

Date & Time: Sep 25, 1979 at 2220 LT
Operator:
Registration:
G-BGHR
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Stansted - Exeter
MSN:
BB-508
YOM:
1979
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
9400
Copilot / Total flying hours:
9550
Copilot / Total hours on type:
7
Aircraft flight hours:
47
Circumstances:
After a flight from Leavesden to Stansted, the instructor had filed an IFR flight plan for Stansted - Exeter, at FL310, the planned departure from Stansted being at 1400. Take-off from Stansted was at 1303, and during the following 40 minutes the aircraft flew locally in the Stansted zone where it conducted two ILS approaches followed by an overshoot. At 1345 it was authorised to change from the Stansted frequency and contact the London Centre. The climb to FL310 was normal. At 1421 hrs the pilot asked ATC whether it would be possible to perform an emergency descent exercise before reaching Exeter, his intention being to begin the descent after passing Dawlish. The controller agreed and asked the pilot to call back when he was ready to begin the manoeuvre. At 1435 the Beech was almost over Dawlish and the crew announced they were ready to begin the exercise. They stated that they would keep a listening watch on the frequency during the descent, but would not be able to transmit while they were donning their masks. At 1436, the flight was authorised to begin the descent, initially to FL120. At 1438 the controller gave the Beech a right-hand turn heading for Exeter. At 1439 he repeated the heading. At 1443, noting that the aircraft had commenced a turn to the left, he authorised it to turn left to head for Exeter. At 1444 he asked for the pilot to give an identifying 'squawk' on the transponder. He did not receive a reply to any of these communications. Since 1438 Beech G-BGHR had been describing large circles to the left at FL310. The wind at that altitude made the aircraft drift towards the south, and it was to pass successively over Guernsey, Jersey, Dinard and Rennes. At the end of its endurance at 2020 (2220LT) the aircraft crashed near Nantes, 20 km to the east/southeast of the town. A RAF Nimrod escorted the Beechcraft during its progress to the vicinity of Nantes. G-BGHR was also followed by two Dassault Mirage III and three Mirage F1 of the French Air Force from 1810 until 2010. The pilots of these aircrafts checked the external condition of the Beech, which appeared normal, the doors and emergency exits were in their normal position, the cabin and cockpit were illuminated and the navigation lights were operating. However, they were unable to make any contact but they all noted the presence of warning lights on the control panel.
Probable cause:
The immediate cause of the accident was the aircraft striking the ground at a steep angle. The cause of the accident was depressurization of the cabin at high altitude by the pilot. This exercise is too dangerous to be carried out on an aircraft in this class, in view of the useful consciousness time available to the pilots in the case of any failure of the oxygen circuit. In this particular case, the oxygen masks were not connected and the crew died in flight due to hypoxia.
Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing KC-135A-BN Stratotanker at Castle AFB: 5 killed

Date & Time: Sep 19, 1979
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
58-0127
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Castle - Castle
MSN:
17872/342
YOM:
1959
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Aircraft flight hours:
8046
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a local training flight at Castle AFB, consisting of touch-and-go maneuvers. Upon touchdown, the airplane went out of control and crashed in flames. Five crew members were killed while two others were injured.

Crash of a Lockheed C-141A-20-LM Starlifter in Charleston

Date & Time: Sep 18, 1979
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
64-0647
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Charleston - Charleston
MSN:
300-6060
YOM:
1960
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
18547
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a local training mission at Charleston Airport. Upon landing, the crew noticed the lack of a 'brakes released' light. After touchdown, thrust reversers failed to deploy because they were locked out by the touchdown relay, still in the Flight Mode. However, due to a malfunction, the n°4 thrust reverser did deploy. Normal brakes were inoperative. The copilot selected emergency brakes and then continued to make multiple attempts to deploy the spoilers. This caused the n°3 hydraulic system to lose pressure due to which in turn the emergency brakes failed. Then an electrical malfunction within the gear handle caused the nose gear to retract. The airplane came to rest in flames on its belly. All six crew members escaped with minor injuries while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Boeing 707-324C off Taipei: 6 killed

Date & Time: Sep 11, 1979
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
B-1834
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Taipei - Taipei
MSN:
18887/431
YOM:
1965
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Circumstances:
The crew departed Taipei-Chiang Kai-shek Airport for a local training mission. During initial climb, the four engine airplane went out of control and crashed into the sea few hundred meters offshore. The aircraft was destroyed and all six crew members were killed.

Crash of a Cessna 501 Citation I in Akron: 1 killed

Date & Time: Aug 2, 1979 at 1602 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N15NY
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Akron - Akron
MSN:
501-0110
YOM:
1979
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
428
Captain / Total hours on type:
6.00
Aircraft flight hours:
43
Circumstances:
About 1607 e.d.t., on August 2, 1979, a Cessna Citation piloted by Mr. Thurman L. Munson crashed short of runway 19 at the Akron-Canton Airport near Canton, Ohio. The pilot was practicing touch-and-go landings during a local flight with two passengers aboard. The aircraft first touched down in a relatively level, clear area about 870 feet short of the runway. The aircraft slid through a small clump of trees, hit a large stump, and came to rest on a road adjacent to the airport boundary fence. Fire erupted immediately after the aircraft came to rest. The two passengers escaped from the wreckage; the pilot was killed. Thurman Lee Munson, aged 32, an American Major League Baseball catcher, was killed.
Probable cause:
The pilot's failure to recognize the need for, and to take action to maintain, sufficient airspeed to prevent a stall into the ground during an attempted landing. The pilot also failed to recognize the need for timely and sufficient power application to prevent the stall during an approach conducted inadvertently without flaps extended. Contributing to the pilot's inability to recognize the problem and to take proper action was his failure to use the appropriate checklist, and his nonstandard pattern procedures which resulted in an abnormal approach profile.
Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 707-327C in Beirut: 6 killed

Date & Time: Jul 23, 1979
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
OD-AFX
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Beirut - Beirut
MSN:
19107/507
YOM:
1966
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Circumstances:
The crew departed Beirut International Airport on a local training mission consisting of the final check of a copilot to be promoted as captain. Following two successful touch-and-go manoeuvres, the crew initiated an approach when the airplane banked left and right then adopted an excessive nose-up attitude. Due to a high angle of attack and a low speed, the airplane lost height and the right wing struck the runway surface. Out of control, the aircraft crashed and was totally destroyed. All six crew members were killed.
Probable cause:
It is believed that the pilot-in-command (pilot under supervision) failed to react properly to an engine power reduction on final approach. Lack of crew coordination was also reported.

Crash of a Lockheed PV-1 Ventura off Aruba

Date & Time: Jul 7, 1979 at 2100 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N721N
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Atlanta - Fort Lauderdale
MSN:
5272
YOM:
1943
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
2623
Captain / Total hours on type:
23.00
Circumstances:
The crew was supposed to make a training flight from Atlanta to Fort Lauderdale. En route, an electrical failure occurred and the crew became lost and disoriented. The aircraft continued to the southeast for about 1,800 km when both engines failed due to a fuel exhaustion. The crew was able to ditch the aircraft off Aruba Island. While all three occupants were rescued, the aircraft sank and was not recovered.
Probable cause:
Aircraft ditched after the crew became lost/disoriented. The following findings were reported:
- Fuel exhaustion,
- Aircraft came to rest in water,
- Complete failure of both engines,
- Forced landing off airport on water,
- Pilot reported electrical failure,
- Aircraft not recovered.
Final Report:

Crash of a Learjet 25B in Pueblo: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jul 6, 1979 at 1102 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N40BC
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Denver - Pueblo
MSN:
25-128
YOM:
1973
Location:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
9576
Captain / Total hours on type:
5456.00
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a training flight from Denver to Pueblo-Memorial Airport. On final approach, during the last segment, the airplane banked to the left, causing the left wingtip to struck the ground. The crew increased power when control was lost. The airplane overturned and crashed. Two pilots were killed while the third occupant was seriously injured.
Probable cause:
Uncontrolled ground loop-swerve upon touchdown due to control interference. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Personnel - production, design: poor/inadequate design,
- Spontaneous and improper action on part of the pilot-in-command,
- Pilot's boot found jammed in rudder pedals,
- Left pedal bent.
Final Report: