Crash of a Lockheed C-130E Hercules at Santa Maria AFB: 7 killed

Date & Time: Jun 24, 1985
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
2457
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Santa Maria AFB - Santa Maria AFB
MSN:
4290
YOM:
1968
Country:
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a local training flight at Santa Maria AFB. While completing a new circuit, weather conditions deteriorated and the visibility was limited due to fog. On final, the crew failed to realize his altitude was too low when the aircraft struck the ground and disintegrated few km from the airport. All 7 crew members were killed.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2R in Leningrad: 4 killed

Date & Time: May 29, 1985 at 1023 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-70218
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Leningrad - Leningrad
MSN:
1G138-36
YOM:
1972
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
The single engine aircraft was engaged in a local training flight out from Leningrad-Rzhevka Airport, carrying three passengers and two pilots. After takeoff, the aircraft encountered difficulties to gain height. When the crew initiated a 180 turn at an altitude of about 20 meters, the aircraft struck tree tops at a speed of 105 km/h, stalled and crashed in a wooded area located 2 km southeast of the airport, bursting into flames. A passenger was seriously injured while four other occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the total weight of the aircraft was 217 kilos above MTOW while the CofG was within limits. The engine lost power 15 seconds after liftoff for unknown reasons.

Crash of a Beechcraft E90 King Air in Pine Bluff

Date & Time: May 19, 1985 at 1455 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N575HC
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Pine Bluff - Pine Bluff
MSN:
LW-67
YOM:
1973
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
5319
Captain / Total hours on type:
700.00
Aircraft flight hours:
2445
Circumstances:
A simulated engine failure was initiated by the check airman at 200 feet agl. The pilot followed the emergency procedures and advanced the power levers to bring power back to the engine. The pilot then noticed the engine failed and had insufficient altitude to get an air restart. The subsequent descent resulted in contact with trees off the end of the airport runway. The descent was not arrested and the aircraft struck the terrain and flipped inverted. Examination of the aircraft's left engine revealed foreign contamination of the fuel control governor by air restrictor. Static testing revealed significant malfunctioning at the idle and max governoring speed limits. All three occupants were injured.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: loss of engine power (partial) - mech failure/malf
Phase of operation: takeoff - initial climb
Findings
1. (f) fuel system, fuel control - disabled
2. (f) fuel system, fuel control - contamination
3. (f) in-flight planning/decision - delayed - pilot in command
4. (f) emergency procedure - simulated - pilot in command
----------
Occurrence #2: forced landing
Phase of operation: descent - emergency
Findings
5. (c) directional control - not maintained - pilot in command
6. (c) proper climb rate - not possible - pilot in command
----------
Occurrence #3: in flight collision with object
Phase of operation: descent - emergency
Findings
7. Object - tree(s)
----------
Occurrence #4: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: descent - uncontrolled
Findings
8. Terrain condition - ground
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft E90 King Air in Goodwood

Date & Time: Apr 22, 1985 at 1053 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
G-BHUL
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Elstree - Goodwood
MSN:
LW-83
YOM:
1974
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
4900
Captain / Total hours on type:
1036.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
15000
Circumstances:
The aircraft took off on the grass runway 06 with the P U/S in the left seat as handling pilot. The visibility was good, with high cloud cover, and wind recorded as from 060° to 080° at 20 to 30 knots, gusting to 35 knots. During the initial climb, PI simulated an engine failure, and after the touch drills and climb out were established, restored power to the 'failed' engine. The climb was continued to 2,500 feet and an engine failure was again simulated before an NDB approach was made to runway 33. P U/S then executed a single engined missed approach on completion of the let down, and entered the runway 06 circuit pattern. When at the downwind position he called 'downwind full stop'. The aircraft continued to the final approach with the simulated failed engine at a zero thrust setting of 120 feet lb torque and 1800 rpm. The P U/S stated that he had some difficulty in stabilising the approach and controlling the airspeed in the gusty conditions. At approximately 300 feet agl he was not satisfied with the approach and initiated a single engined go-around, raising gear and flaps. At some later stage PI took control and pushed the two throttle and rpm levers fully forward. P U/S remembers the aircraft entering a spiral descent to the left, and both pilots remember their evacuation of the aircraft. However, they have to recollection of airspeed, height, which engine was 'failed' on either occasion, or indeed the event which prompted PI to take control. The aircraft was seen to overfly the airfield in a north easterly direction with gear and flaps raised, and at a height variously estimated as between 100 and 300 feet agl. Just outside the airfield boundary the aircraft was seen to roll to the right then roll, or yaw and roll to the left and enter a spiral descent into an open field. The left wing tip struck the ground at an angle of 30° to the surface of the field, the aircraft then yawed left through 90° and slid and rolled a further 45 yards. It came to rest almost inverted and on its right side, with the detached left wing lying alongside the stub of the right wing. Both pilots were seriously injured.
Probable cause:
The wreckage of the aircraft was removed to the AIB facility at Farnborough for further examination which included an inspection of controls and control runs, and stripping the engines and propellers. No significant fault or failure was found. The airspeed indicators were also calibrated and found to be accurate.
Final Report:

Crash of a Morane-Saulnier M.S.760 Paris IA in Lake Ullúm: 3 killed

Date & Time: Mar 20, 1985
Operator:
Registration:
E-240
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
MSN:
A-28
YOM:
1959
Country:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
While flying at a very low height over Lake Ullúm, the aircraft struck the water surface and crashed in the lake. All three crew members were killed.

Crash of a Lockheed C-130E Hercules in Fort Hood: 8 killed

Date & Time: Mar 12, 1985
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
64-0549
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Dyess AFB - Gray AAF
MSN:
4044
YOM:
1965
Location:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
8
Circumstances:
The four engine aircraft was completing a training mission from Dyess AFB (Abilene) to the Gray AAF near Killeen, carrying eight crew members. En route, while flying at low height and dropping sand bags, the airplane went out of control and crashed near Fort Hood. All eight crew members were killed.

Crash of an Antonov AN-26Sh near Luhansk

Date & Time: Mar 5, 1985
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
29 yellow
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Luhansk - Luhansk
MSN:
69 02
YOM:
1978
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The crew was engaged in a training mission in the region of Luhansk when both engines flamed out in flight. The crew completed an emergency landing in an open field located near the village of Novobyelaya. All five crew members escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Piper PA-31P Pressurized Navajo in Saint Louis: 3 killed

Date & Time: Feb 25, 1985 at 1935 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N404RS
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Saint Louis - Saint Louis
MSN:
31P-018
YOM:
1970
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
1420
Captain / Total hours on type:
3.00
Copilot / Total hours on type:
110
Aircraft flight hours:
493
Circumstances:
The aircraft was on a night instructional flight with 2 multi-engine instructor pilots at the controls and a rated pilot occupying a rear passenger seat. The right front seat occupant was an experienced multi-engine pilot with 110 hours in this make and model; however, his 2nd class medical certificate was issued in January 1983. The left front seat occupant had just received his multi-engine instructor rating and had only 3 hours in this make and model. He had a current medical certificate and was presumed to be the pilot-in-command. The aircrew made 2 passes over runway 18, then maneuvered onto a downwind leg of the pattern. According to witnesses, the aircraft was northeast of the airport at approximately 300 to 400 feet agl and maneuvering back toward the runway when it entered a steep descent, crashed and burned. The aircraft crashed northeast of the airport in a wooded area. Impact occurred on a southerly heading in about an 18° dive. No preimpact part failure/malfunction was found; however, the aircraft was extensively damaged during impact. Toxicological checks of the passenger and right front seat occupants showed each had an alcohol level of 1,17‰. No alcohol found in the left front seat occupant's blood. All three occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: approach - vfr pattern - base turn
Findings
1. (f) judgment - poor - pilot in command
2. (c) judgment - poor - other crewmember
3. (c) impairment (alcohol) - other crewmember
4. (f) qualification - other crewmember
5. (f) light condition - dark night
6. (c) aircraft handling - not maintained - pilot in command
7. (f) lack of total experience in type of aircraft - pilot in command
8. (c) remedial action - inadequate - other crewmember
----------
Occurrence #2: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: descent - uncontrolled
Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing RC-135T near Valdez: 3 killed

Date & Time: Feb 25, 1985
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
55-3121
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Eielson - Valdez - Eielson
MSN:
17237
YOM:
1957
Flight number:
Mary 24
Location:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Aircraft flight hours:
15072
Circumstances:
The crew departed Eielson AFB southeast of Fairbanks on a training mission in the region of Valdez under callsign Mary 24. Following two successful approaches under MLS procedure, the crew started a third approach about four miles north of the prescribed MLS inbound course. While descending too low in poor visibility, the aircraft struck the slope of a mountain and crashed. SAR operations were initiated but eventually abandoned few days later as no trace of the aircraft nor the three occupants was found. The wreckage was recovered by walkers on August 2, 1985.
Probable cause:
It was reported that the crew had used an approach procedure certified for de Havilland Canada DHC-7, a STOL airplane. The glide slope and missed approach for this airplane are significantly steeper than those for an RC-135 jet.

Crash of a Lockheed KC-130H Hercules in Riyadh: 8 killed

Date & Time: Feb 24, 1985
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
1620
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Riyadh - Riyadh
MSN:
4872
YOM:
1980
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
8
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a local training mission at Riyadh-King Khaled Airport on behalf of the 16th squadron. On final approach, the aircraft stalled and crashed in a huge explosion few hundred meters short of runway. The aircraft was destroyed and all eight occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
It is believed that the aircraft stalled on short final due to an insufficient speed.