Crash of an Airbus A300B2-101 near Tirupati

Date & Time: Nov 15, 1993 at 0925 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
VT-EDV
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Madras - Hyderabad
MSN:
034
YOM:
1976
Flight number:
IC440
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
12
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
250
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
17344
Circumstances:
Indian Airlines Airbus A-300 aircraft VT-EDV was operating scheduled flight IC-440 (Madras - Hyderabad sector) on 15.11.1993. There were a total of 262 persons were on board the aircraft including 247+3 passengers and 12 crew members. The aircraft could not land at Hyderabad due to low visibility and carried out a missed approach. After the missed approach, the aircraft reported "Flap Problem" and was holding overhead at Hyderabad during which the flight crew enquired visibility at nearby Air Force airfields which was also low. The aircraft then diverted to Madras. Due to flaps problem, the crew had to maintain low speed and low altitude as a result of which it experienced fuel shortage and sought permission from Madras control for landing at Tirupati. However, the aircraft could not reach even Tirupati airport and executed forced landing in an open paddy field about 14 nautical miles from Tirupati airport. The aircraft dragged on the soft paddy field before coming to final stop. There was no fire. Passenger evacuation was carried out by means of escape slides. All the persons on board escaped unhurt except four who received minor injuries.
Probable cause:
The probable cause of accident has been attributed to:
- The ill-conceived decision of the aircraft's Commander to divert to Madras, without ensuring that adequate fuel was available for reaching there, when he was faced with a flap-jam and poor
visibility at Hyderabad.
- The failure of the aircraft's Commander and his Flight Crew to monitor fuel consumption correctly, and the failure of the Commander to revise his decision accordingly, until it became impossible to reach any airfield.
- A forced landing due to the eventual shortage of fuel.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 208 Caravan I off Port Blair: 1 killed

Date & Time: Sep 6, 1993 at 1132 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
VT-AAN
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Port Blair - Dugong Creek - Hut Bay - Port Blair
MSN:
208-0221
YOM:
1992
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
6300
Circumstances:
Cessna 208 Caravan aircraft VT-AAN operated by Andaman and Nicobar Administration was engaged in a flight from Port Blair - Dugong Creek - Hut Bay - Port Blair. There were four persons on board the aircraft including pilot-in-command. The flight from Dugong Creek to Hut Bay was uneventful. The aircraft took-off from Hut Bay for Port Blair where it was intended to land on sea
adjacent to Viper Island. Soon after touchdown on seawater, the aircraft flipped over its nose and sank thereafter. Three persons including the pilot evacuated the aircraft. However, one person died due to drowning, as he remained strapped in his seat. The aircraft sustained substantial damage. There was no fire.
Probable cause:
The pilot failed to ensure that the landing gears are fully retracted before landing on water thereby causing the aircraft to flip on to its back as a result of abnormally high hydrodynamic drag generated on landing with landing gears remaining extended. Non-availability of the revised pilot's checklist, appropriate to the aircraft configuration and the practice adopted during conversion training of the pilot were the contributory factors.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft 300 Super King Air in Taloja: 4 killed

Date & Time: Jul 15, 1993 at 1155 LT
Operator:
Registration:
VT-EQM
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Ahmedabad - Mumbai
MSN:
FA-128
YOM:
1987
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Captain / Total flying hours:
1505
Captain / Total hours on type:
28.00
Aircraft flight hours:
270
Circumstances:
The aircraft, belonging to National Remote Sensing Agency, Hyderabad, was operating a ferry flight from Ahmedabad to Bombay. There were four persons on board the aircraft including pilot-in-command. During approach to land at Bombay, contact with ATC was lost after the aircraft had reported its flight level 4,000 feet. The aircraft was found crashed on top of the hills at Taloja village located about 11 NM East of Bombay airports. All the four persons on board received fatal injuries. The aircraft was completely destroyed.
Probable cause:
The probable cause of accident has been attributed to:
- The commander of the aircraft having meager flying experience on type and limited instrument flying hours encountering instrument meteorological conditions descended below the ATC cleared height of 3,700 feet without intercepting the glide slope.
- The radar controller by not effectively monitoring the aircraft position after he had advised it to intercept the localizer contributed to the cause of the accident.
- The pilot failed to follow procedures, regulations and instructions.
Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 737-2A8 in Aurangabad: 55 killed

Date & Time: Apr 26, 1993 at 1306 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
VT-ECQ
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
New Delhi – Jaipur – Udaipur – Aurangabad – Bombay
MSN:
20961
YOM:
1974
Flight number:
IC491
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
112
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
55
Captain / Total flying hours:
4963
Captain / Total hours on type:
1720.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
1172
Copilot / Total hours on type:
921
Aircraft flight hours:
43886
Circumstances:
Indian Airlines Boeing 737 aircraft VT-ECQ was operating scheduled flight IC491 from Delhi to Jaipur, Udaipur, Aurangabad and Bombay. The flight from Delhi to Aurangabad was uneventful. The aircraft took-off from Aurangabad with 118 persons on board. Aircraft lifted up almost at the end of runway and impacted heavily with a lorry carrying pressed cotton bales running from North to South on a highway at a distance of about 410 feet from the end of runway. The aircraft left main landing gear, left engine bottom cowling and thrust reverser impacted the left side of the truck at a height of nearly seven feet from the level of the road. Thereafter the aircraft hit the high tension electric wires nearly 3 kms North-East of the runway and hit the ground. In all 55 persons received fatal injuries. The aircraft was destroyed due to post impact fire.
Probable cause:
The probable cause of accident has been attributed to :
- Pilots' error in initiating late rotation and following wrong rotation technique, and
- Failure of the NAA to regulate the mobile traffic on the Beed road during the flight hours.
Final Report:

Crash of a Tupolev TU-154B-2 in New Delhi

Date & Time: Jan 9, 1993 at 0408 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
85533
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Hyderabad - New Delhi
MSN:
82A533
YOM:
1982
Flight number:
IC840
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
13
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
152
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
10245
Circumstances:
On 9th January, 1993 TU-154 aircraft No. 85533 wet leased by Indian Airlines from Uzbekistan Airways was operating flight IC-840 from Hyderabad to Delhi. The aircraft was being flown by Uzbeki operating crew and there were 165 persons on board including the crew. The aircraft touched down slightly outside the right edge of the runway, collided with some fixed installations on the ground, got airborne once again and finally touched down on kutcha ground on the right side of the runway. At this stage the right wing and the tail of the aircraft broke away and it came to rest in an inverted position. During the process, the aircraft caught fire and was destroyed. Most occupants of the aircraft escaped unhurt. Six persons suffered either limb fracture or other serious injuries while 45 persons suffered injuries of a minor nature.
Probable cause:
The probable cause of accident has been attributed to :
- The failure of the Pilot-in-Command to divert to Ahmedabad when he was informed that the RVR on runway 28 was below the minima applicable to his flight.
- The switching on of landing lights, on the instruction of the second Captain, at a height of only about ten metres, resulting in the loss of all visual references due to the blinding effect of
light reflections from fog.
- The failure of captain to carry out a missed approach when visual reference to the runway was lost.
Final Report:

Crash of a Dornier DO228-101 off Paradip: 4 killed

Date & Time: Jan 2, 1993
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CG757
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Vishakhapatnam – Calcutta
MSN:
7114
YOM:
1988
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
While cruising in good weather conditions, the aircraft went out of control and crashed in the Bay of Bengal, off Paradip. Two passengers were rescued while all four other occupants were killed.

Crash of a Beechcraft B200C Super King Air in New Delhi: 1 killed

Date & Time: Aug 27, 1992 at 1159 LT
Registration:
VT-EOA
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
New Delhi - New Delhi
MSN:
BL-129
YOM:
1987
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
13519
Captain / Total hours on type:
1099.00
Aircraft flight hours:
1347
Circumstances:
Border Security Force (BSF) Beechcraft B200 Super King Air VT-EOA was engaged in a local flying (circuits and landings) at IGI Airport, Delhi on 27.8.92. There were two persons on board the aircraft including the commander. After two circuits and landings, the commander asked for full stop landing. However, after landing the commander asked the ATC about one more circuit to which the controller gave the consent and asked him to line up on runway 28 for take off. At this stage, the copilot on board was disembarked. The aircraft took-off without ATC clearance and turned left for circuit. Thereafter, it was seen going down in a nose down attitude and impacted the ground. The aircraft impacted the ground, caught fire and was destroyed. The pilot, who was the sole occupant on board, received fatal injuries.
Probable cause:
The exact cause of the accident could be confirmed. However, on the basis of evidence on record, the probability of deliberate attempt to crash the aircraft by late Captain Dhaliwal could not be ruled out. The probability of incapacitation of Captain Dhaliwal during the last circuit has also not been ruled out.
Final Report:

Crash of an Antonov AN-32 in Boothgarh: 4 killed

Date & Time: Apr 1, 1992 at 2000 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
K3055
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Chandigarh - Chandigarh
MSN:
17 10
YOM:
1989
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
In the evening, a formation of nine Antonov AN-32 operated by the Indian Air Force departed Chandigarh Airport for a training mission. While cruising by night, the n°3 in the formation mistook the first aircraft to be the second and elected to regain his position. Doing so, The AN-32 registered K2669 collided with another AN-32 registered K3055 that was positioned to its right. Following the collision, both aircraft entered an uncontrolled descent and crashed in a wheatfield located near Boothgarh. Both aircraft were destroyed and all eight crew members (4 crew in each aircraft) were killed.

Crash of an Antonov AN-32 in Boothgarh: 4 killed

Date & Time: Apr 1, 1992 at 2000 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
K2669
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Chandigarh - Chandigarh
MSN:
01 03
YOM:
1984
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
In the evening, a formation of nine Antonov AN-32 operated by the Indian Air Force departed Chandigarh Airport for a training mission. While cruising by night, the n°3 in the formation mistook the first aircraft to be the second and elected to regain his position. Doing so, The AN-32 registered K2669 collided with another AN-32 registered K3055 that was positioned to its right. Following the collision, both aircraft entered an uncontrolled descent and crashed in a wheatfield located near Boothgarh. Both aircraft were destroyed and all eight crew members (4 crew in each aircraft) were killed.

Crash of an Antonov AN-26 in Calcutta

Date & Time: Mar 30, 1992 at 1520 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-26154
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Hanoi - Yangon - Calcutta
MSN:
51 01
YOM:
1977
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
An Antonov 26 was ferried from Hanoi to Calcutta with a refueling stop at Rangoon. The aircraft took-off from Hanoi at 9:00 hours with estimated time of arrival Calcutta at 14:50 hours. On initial contact with Calcutta, the aircraft informed about minimum fuel on board and requested radar vectors for straight-in approach. However, Calcutta ATC did not pay much attention to the problems faced by the aircraft and made no serious attempt to assist the aircraft on radar. The pilot deviated from the track and became lost. The aircraft exhausted its fuel and force landed 28nm NE of Calcutta airport. All seven occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
The accident caused by forced landing due to flight crew failure by carrying marginal fuel to reach Calcutta and not making use of correct navigational facility (EA NDB at Calcutta) combined with lack of assistance from Calcutta ATC by not providing radar facilities vectoring/VDF guidance and advising the aircraft to use NDB not having adequate range.