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Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V in Budapest: 9 killed

Date & Time: Jan 15, 1975 at 1721 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HA-MOH
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Berlin - Budapest
MSN:
184 0071 04
YOM:
1964
Flight number:
MA801A
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
9
Circumstances:
The approach to Budapest-Ferihegy Airport runway 31L was initiated in poor weather conditions with limited visibility due to fog. On short final, the pilot-in-command elected to make a go-around when the airplane struck the ground and crashed 1,360 meters short of runway 31L threshold and 120 meters to the left of its centerline. The airplane crashed and burned and all nine crew members who were completing a ferry flight from Berlin-Schönefeld Airport were killed. At the time of the accident, the horizontal visibility was reported to be 300 meters with a 1,500 meters RVR for runway 31L. The vertical visibility was 30 meters.
Probable cause:
It is believed that the crew mistook the runway lights with the apron lights. The crew initiated a go-around procedure after he changed his decisions four times during the 27 seconds preceding impact.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-134A in Kiev: 49 killed

Date & Time: Sep 16, 1971 at 1143 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HA-LBD
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Budapest - Kiev
MSN:
9 35 08 01
YOM:
1969
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
41
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
49
Circumstances:
On approach to Kiev-Borispol Airport in poor weather conditions, the crew encountered technical problems with the generator that failed and he was forced to switch to auxiliary batteries. Due to limited visibility caused by foggy conditions, the crew made a go-around. Few minutes later, a second attempt to land was also abandoned. During the third approach, the airplane crashed in a field located few km short of runway and was totally destroyed upon impact. All 49 occupants were killed.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V off Copenhagen: 32 killed

Date & Time: Aug 28, 1971 at 1852 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HA-MOC
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Oslo – Copenhagen – Berlin – Budapest
MSN:
181 9929 03
YOM:
1961
Flight number:
MA731
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
25
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
32
Aircraft flight hours:
13150
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Oslo, the crew started the descent to Copenhagen-Kastrup Airport in marginal weather conditions. The crew was cleared to descend to 5,000 feet then 1,500 feet when he was trying to intercept the ILS of runway 22L. On final, the four engine aircraft nosed down and plunged into the Øresund few hundred yards off the Saltholm Island. Rescuers were able to evacuate 3 passengers while 31 other occupants were killed. Three days later, one of the survivor died from his injuries.
Probable cause:
The probable cause of this accident was loss of control of the aircraft at the moment where the aircraft was about to intercept the ILS glideslope to runway 22L at Copenhagen airport, Kastrup.
Although it has not been possible to establish the cause of the loss of control, it is most likely to believe that the aircraft in the landing configuration was affected by a deterioration of the airflow over the tailplane to such a degree that longitudinal stability was lost.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-134 in Istanbul

Date & Time: Nov 19, 1969
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HA-LBA
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Budapest - Istanbul
MSN:
8 35 06 04
YOM:
1968
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The crew completed the approach in rain falls. After touchdown, the airplane was unable to stop within the remaining distance and overran. While contacting soft ground, the left main gear and the nose gear collapsed and the airplane came to rest down a bank. All occupants escaped uninjured except the navigator who was seating in the nose of the airplane.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V in Paris: 21 killed

Date & Time: Nov 23, 1962 at 1410 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HA-MOD
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Budapest – Frankfurt – Paris
MSN:
180 0020 02
YOM:
1960
Flight number:
MA355
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
13
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
21
Captain / Total flying hours:
10380
Captain / Total hours on type:
1313.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
4135
Copilot / Total hours on type:
733
Aircraft flight hours:
2363
Circumstances:
Malev Airlines Flight 355 was a scheduled international transportation service from Budapest to Frankfurt and Parts. The flight departed Budapest for Frankfurt at 0744 hours GMT. The crew reported to the Frankfurt meteorological office for briefing at 0950 hours when the pilot's attention was drawn to the frequent occurrences of log and stratus cloud, and the possibility of light icing in stratus cloud The crew remained in the meteorological office for two hours checking successive weather reports from Orly and Le Bourget Airports. There were 13 passengers and a crew aboard when the flight departed Frankfurt for Le Bourget with the pilot-in-command occupying the left-hand seat. The first radio contact with North Area Control Centre was made at 1332 hours when the flight reported it had passed over Luxembourg at 1331 hours at flight level 180 and estimated the next reporting point MY at 1335 hours. It was then Instructed to report over MY, CH and BE. From 1344:20 hours to 1355:20 hours the flight received progressive descent clearances down to 1800 feet. At 1348:50 when the aircraft reported over CH, it was instructed to proceed to BN. However, at 1354:40 when reporting approaching BN the controller stated that it was cleared to BE and not to BN. This was acknowledged by the aircraft without repeating the message. At 1356:10 hours the flight was cleared by Le Bourget Approach for final approach. At 1356:10 the controller asked the aircraft whether it was heading BE or UN. Ten seconds later the aircraft confirmed that it was heading for BN and was then requested again to proceed to BE. The aircraft was instructed to call when over BE and was advised that it was number 2 to land. Confirmation of the QNH (altimeter setting) was given to the aircraft, and it was cleared for final approach at 1359 hours. At 1401:40 Le Bourget Approach called the aircraft, and the aircraft reported on final and stated it would call "over BE". The controller gave the aircraft its position as 2 miles east of BE and asked the pilot if he was making an ILS approach. This was confirmed. At 1405:10 hours the aircraft contacted the tower and advised it would reach BE at 1800 feet and was making an ILS approach on runway 25. At 1405:30 hours the aircraft reported over BE. It should then have been in level flight with 15deg of flap, at about 500 m (1500 ft) and at a speed of 310-320 km/h. There was no further radio contact between the aircraft and the tower although the aircraft should have reported over the outer marker at approximately 300 m (900 ft). At 1421 hours the airport authorities were informed by the police that the aircraft had crashed about 8OO m beyond the outer marker and about 135 m to the right of the ILS centreline.
Probable cause:
The accident was the result of a stall during approach in the configuration landing gear extended, flaps 30°. At the time of impact the four engines were nearly at full power. The Board has not been able to establish the cause of this stall whose pattern, according to the data supplied by the Soviet experts, can only be compatible with a G-load manoeuvre. The Board has not been able to discover what caused the manoeuvre.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas C-47A-90-DL in Budapest: 30 killed

Date & Time: Aug 6, 1961
Operator:
Registration:
HA-TSA
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Budapest - Budapest
MSN:
20492
YOM:
1944
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
23
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
30
Circumstances:
The aircraft was completing a local sightseeing flight over Budapest when descending to Ferihegy Airport, the airplane crashed onto a building and was destroyed by impact forces and a post crash fire. All 27 occupants and three people on the ground were killed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the accident was caused by carelessness on the part of the crew. The commission said the pilots had two friends in the cabin during the whole flight and the pilots had performed various forbidden maneuvers and in one sharp turn, lost control of the aircraft.

Crash of a Lisunov LI-2P in Budapest

Date & Time: Jun 9, 1957
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HA-LIM
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Budapest – Pécs
MSN:
234 410 07
YOM:
1952
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Few minutes after takeoff from Budapest-Ferihegy Airport, the crew reported engine problems and received the permission to return for a safe landing. On short final, the airplane stalled and crashed few dozen yards short of runway 31L. All occupants were evacuated safely while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Engine failure.

Crash of a Lisunov LI-2P in Polná

Date & Time: Dec 23, 1954 at 1515 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HA-LIF
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Budapest – Prague – Berlin
MSN:
184 256 04
YOM:
1951
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
28
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
En route from Budapest to Prague, the crew encountered icing conditions and subsequently some difficulties. The captain decided to reduce his altitude and attempted an emergency landing near Polná. Upon landing in a snow covered field, the airplane lost its undercarriage and slid for dozen yards before coming to rest with both wings bent. All 33 occupants were evacuated and a Finnish female passenger was seriously injured.

Crash of a Lisunov LI-2P in Bratroňov

Date & Time: Dec 23, 1954 at 1430 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HA-LII
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Budapest – Prague
MSN:
184 270 06
YOM:
1951
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
14
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
En route from Budapest to Prague, the crew encountered icing conditions and subsequently some difficulties. The captain decided to reduce his altitude and attempted an emergency landing near Bratroňov, south of Pardubice. The aircraft belly landed in a snow covered field and slid for dozen yards before coming to rest with its left engine sheared off. All 19 occupants were uninjured.