Crash of a Learjet 25D in Eagle County

Date & Time: Dec 22, 1983 at 1540 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N300PL
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Saint Louis - Aspen
MSN:
25-247
YOM:
1978
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
8376
Captain / Total hours on type:
735.00
Aircraft flight hours:
2887
Circumstances:
While en route, the aircrew encountered stronger headwinds than expected. They realized there would not be enough fuel reserves for an IFR flight to Aspen, so they elected to divert to Eagle, CO. However, their landing at Eagle was delayed due to a snowplow (with no radio) on the runway. After circling and reentering final approach, the aircrew noted that the snowplow was still on the runway, headed in their direction. They continued their approach and the snowplow cleared the runway. According to the snowplow operator, the aircraft was 100 to 200 feet agl when it crossed the threshold. A FSS specialist noted that the aircraft was still airborne when it passed the 2nd turnoff, approximately 2,300 feet from the threshold. After touching down on the snow covered runway, the pilot deployed the spoilers and immediately applied braking action, but was unable to stop on the remaining runway. The aircraft continued off the end of the runway, went down a 15 feet bank and ran into a small ravine. The runway gradient was 1.4% downhill, elev 6,538 feet. Drag chute was not deployed, 600 lbs fuel remaining. All six occupants were evacuated, among them five were injured, one seriously.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: in flight encounter with weather
Phase of operation: cruise - normal
Findings
1. (f) weather condition - unfavorable wind
2. (f) weather condition - high wind
----------
Occurrence #2: overrun
Phase of operation: landing - roll
Findings
3. (c) delayed - pilot in command
4. (f) airport facilities,runway/landing area condition - snow covered
5. Airport snow removal - performed
6. Precautionary landing - continued - pilot in command
7. (c) proper touchdown point - not attained - pilot in command
8. (f) fluid, fuel - low level
9. Go-around - not performed - pilot in command
10. (f) miscellaneous equipment - not used - pilot in command
11. (f) airport facilities,runway/landing area condition - downhill
----------
Occurrence #3: on ground/water encounter with terrain/water
Phase of operation: landing - roll
Findings
12. (f) terrain condition - downhill
13. (f) terrain condition - ditch
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 425 Conquest in Newburgh: 1 killed

Date & Time: Dec 12, 1983 at 1856 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N6774R
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Wichita - White Plains
MSN:
425-0045
YOM:
1981
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
8636
Captain / Total hours on type:
26.00
Aircraft flight hours:
291
Circumstances:
During arrival, there were indefinite delays at White Plains, NY, so the pilot diverted to Newburgh, NY. He was vectored for an ILS runway 09 approach. While en route, the pilot requested and was given the ILS frequency, minimums for the approach, the airport elevation (491 feet msl), the Newburgh weather and the frequency for the outer compass locator (even tho, current approach charts were on board). He was cleared for the approach, but the aircraft hit trees and crashed, 2.58 miles west of runway 09. Elevation of the crash site was about 580 feet. The minimum descent altitude (MDA) for the approach was 682 feet. An exam of the wreckage revealed no preimpact part malfunction or failure. The pilot was required to wear lenses to correct his vision. The area forecast called for icing, turbulence, low level wind shear, low ceilings, rain, drizzle, fog and a chance of light freezing rain/drizzle. Reportedly the pilot received a full weather briefing, but was not briefed on sigmets Juliett 7 and Lima 4 which called for moderate to severe turbulence and low level wind shear and occasional moderate to severe mixed/clear icing in clouds and precipitations below 8,000 feet.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: in flight encounter with weather
Phase of operation: approach
Findings
1. Preflight briefing service - improper - ATC personnel (FSS)
2. Flight into known adverse weather - performed - pilot in command
3. (f) approach aids - congested
4. Initiated - pilot in command
5. (f) light condition - dark night
6. (f) weather condition - icing conditions
7. (f) weather condition - turbulence
8. (f) weather condition - low ceiling
9. (f) weather condition - rain
10. (f) weather condition - fog
11. (f) weather condition - unfavorable wind
12. (f) weather condition - windshear
----------
Occurrence #2: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: approach - faf/outer marker to threshold (IFR)
Findings
13. (c) IFR procedure - improper - pilot in command
14. (f) lack of total experience in type of aircraft - pilot in command
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft D18 in Brownsville: 1 killed

Date & Time: Dec 5, 1983 at 2010 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N44609
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Brownsville - Torreón
MSN:
A-17
YOM:
1945
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Circumstances:
The pilot had just taken off at night on a flight to Mexico when he declared an intent to return and land with some unspecified emergency. While he was using his radio, the sound of both engines, running at high power, was audible. When asked if he required assistance, he gave an affirmative reply, but when asked if he required a crash crew, he gave a negative reply. Shortly after that, the aircraft collided with power lines about 1 mile from the runway, then impacted the ground and was demolished by fire. Impact with the power lines occurred at about 55 feet agl. A wire impact mark on the nose door indicated the aircraft was in a vertical bank when the collision occurred. An exam of the wreckage revealed no evidence of a preimpact/mechanical malfunction or failure; however, there was extensive damage from fire. There was evidence that the aircraft was loaded beyond its max certificated gross weight. The pilot had a temporary US license based on his canadian license. The pilot, sole on board, was killed.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: airframe/component/system failure/malfunction
Phase of operation: unknown
Findings
1. (c) reason for occurrence undetermined
----------
Occurrence #2: in flight collision with object
Phase of operation: maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)
Findings
2. (f) aircraft weight and balance - exceeded - pilot in command
3. Precautionary landing - attempted - pilot in command
4. (f) light condition - dark night
5. (f) object - wire,transmission
6. (c) proper altitude - not maintained - pilot in command
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 340 in Ephrata

Date & Time: Nov 26, 1983 at 1411 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N98567
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Schedule:
Seattle – Ephrata
MSN:
340-0036
YOM:
1972
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
4948
Captain / Total hours on type:
1590.00
Aircraft flight hours:
1951
Circumstances:
The aircraft collided with a hilltop during a missed approach in IMC weather. The aircraft was on an IFR flight plan. The pilot stated visual contact was established at about 2,000 feet msl but ground features were masked in snow. When the pilot did not see the airport at the proper time he commenced a missed approach and the aircraft struck the ground. Investigation revealed that the obs (vor course indicator) was set on 222° instead of 202° for the published inbound heading. The resultant course passed directly over the accident site. The aircraft was not observed on radar because of its low alt. The pilot, sole on board, was seriously injured.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: missed approach (IFR)
Findings
1. (c) procedures/directives - inaccurate - pilot in command
2. (c) ifr procedure - inaccurate - pilot in command
3. (c) equipment,other - not corrected - pilot in command
Final Report:

Crash of a Rockwell Aero Commander 500 in Franklin: 6 killed

Date & Time: Nov 20, 1983 at 1819 LT
Registration:
N6226X
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Youngstown – Plattsburgh – Burlington – Youngstown
MSN:
500-1098-52
YOM:
1961
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Captain / Total flying hours:
1527
Captain / Total hours on type:
33.00
Aircraft flight hours:
5421
Circumstances:
Before departing Youngstown, OH, the pilot filed two IFR flight plans, one for a flight to Plattsburgh, NY, the other for a return flight from Plattsburgh back to Youngstown. After a 2 hour and 10 minutes flight to Plattsburgh, 70 gallons of fuel was added, but the person who serviced the aircraft indicated the tanks were not full after servicing. The plane then made a 10 minutes flight to Burlington, VT, but no fuel was added at Burlington. The pilot then took off on a return flight to Youngstown. During the descent phase to Youngstown, the pilot requested vectors to the closest airport. He was provide vectors to the Chess Lamberton Airport and advised it was 6 miles away. A short time later, the pilot said the aircraft had lost power. Subsequently, it crashed in rolling, wooded terrain. During an exam, no fuel was found in the aircraft. No other evidence of a malfunction or failure was found. With the passenger and cargo load, a maximum of about 104 gallons of fuel could have been used without exceeding the certificated gross weight of the aircraft. At 45 to 55% power, the aircraft burned 17 to 22 gallons per hour. Wind gusts 30 knots. All six occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: loss of engine power (total) - nonmechanical
Phase of operation: descent - normal
Findings
1. (c) preflight planning/preparation - inadequate - pilot in command
2. (c) continued - pilot in command
3. (c) fluid,fuel - exhaustion
4. (c) fuel supply - inadequate - pilot in command
5. Aircraft performance, two or more engines - inoperative
----------
Occurrence #2: forced landing
Phase of operation: other
----------
Occurrence #3: in flight collision with object
Phase of operation: descent
Findings
6. (f) light condition - dark night
7. (f) weather condition - low ceiling
8. (f) weather condition - fog
9. (f) weather condition - rain
10. (f) weather condition - unfavorable wind
11. (f) object - tree(s)
----------
Occurrence #4: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: descent - uncontrolled
Final Report:

Crash of a Mitsubishi MU-2B-36A Marquise in Patterson: 3 killed

Date & Time: Oct 20, 1983 at 1040 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N444PA
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Addison - Patterson
MSN:
691
YOM:
1977
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
3372
Captain / Total hours on type:
1211.00
Aircraft flight hours:
2237
Circumstances:
While descending into the Patterson area on an IFR flight plan, the pilot was cleared to hold and was advised that he would be the #2 aircraft for an approach to the Patterson Airport. A few minutes later the pilot asked how long the delay would be. He subsequently stated he had the airport, cancelled IFR and was going in VFR. A pilot who had just departed the airport heard a Mitsubishi call 'turning base.' He could not see an aircraft on base for runway 05. He called but did not receive a reply. The aircraft contacted trees along a heading of about 225°. The flaps were extended about 5° and the landing gear were extended. All three occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: in flight collision with object
Phase of operation: approach - VFR pattern - base turn
Findings
1. (f) weather condition - low ceiling
2. (c) altitude - misjudged - pilot in command
3. Object - tree(s)
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft 60 Duke in Wichita

Date & Time: Sep 29, 1983 at 1720 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N7277R
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Wichita – Grand Rapids
MSN:
P-318
YOM:
1975
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
3600
Captain / Total hours on type:
60.00
Aircraft flight hours:
1100
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff, the left engine began to progressively lose power and was shut down. The aircrew notified Beech Tower of the problem and reported they would like to return and land. The aircraft was observed on final approach to runway 18 with the gear extended and the left prop stopped. Before landing, the aircraft began veering to the left. It crossed over the end of the airport at about 40 feet agl and 300 feet left (east) of the runway. The left wing and nose dropped and the aircraft impacted the ramp, left wing first. The aircraft then skidded across the ramp on a heading of 160° and collided with and damaged three other aircraft; a Beechcraft F33A registered N1833S; another Beechcraft 60 Duke registered N6747D and a Beechcraft 58 registered N5800B. An investigation revealed that the #2 exhaust valve lifter had become flat and the #2 exhaust valve had failed from fatigue. Both pilots escaped uninjured.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: loss of engine power (total) - mech failure/malf
Phase of operation: climb - to cruise
Findings
1. (c) engine assembly, valve,intake - other
2. (c) engine assembly, valve,intake - fatigue
3. Propeller feathering - performed - pilot in command
4. Performed - pilot in command
----------
Occurrence #2: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: landing - flare/touchdown
Findings
5. Precautionary landing - performed - pilot in command
6. (c) airspeed (VMC) - not maintained - pilot in command
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 402 in Moyo

Date & Time: Sep 20, 1983
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
5X-LCP
Flight Phase:
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Crashed in unknown circumstances while taking off from a soggy airfield at Mayo. Occupant fate unknown.

Crash of a Piper PA-31-350 Navajo Chieftain in Fort Smith

Date & Time: Sep 2, 1983 at 2101 LT
Registration:
N3594G
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Laredo - Brinkley - Fort Smith
MSN:
31-8052089
YOM:
1980
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
6107
Captain / Total hours on type:
724.00
Aircraft flight hours:
1308
Circumstances:
The aircraft had departed Laredo, TX, on a flight to Fort Smith, AR, with an intermediate stop at Brinkley, AR. The fuel tanks were 'topped' at Laredo, but no fuel was added at Brinkley. During arrival at Fort Smith, the pilot declared an emergency for 'extremely low fuel.' He was cleared for a straight-in approach. Very shortly after that, both engines began running rough with both fuel boost pump lights illuminated. The pilot informed the tower that he would not be able to reach the airport. He selected a dark unpopulated area to land and extended the gear. When he turned on the landing lights, he realize he had selected a wooded area. The aircraft was destroyed after impacting trees. The pilot had begun the first of six flights at 0608 cdt and had gotten very little sleep the preceding night. Both occupants were seriously injured.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanical
Phase of operation: approach - VFR pattern - final approach
Findings
1. (c) aircraft preflight - inadequate - pilot in command
2. (c) fluid, fuel - exhaustion
3. (c) fuel supply - inadequate - pilot in command
4. Aircraft performance,two or more engines - inoperative
----------
Occurrence #2: forced landing
Phase of operation: landing
----------
Occurrence #3: in flight collision with object
Phase of operation: landing - flare/touchdown
Findings
5. (f) light condition - dark night
6. (f) object - tree(s)
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 421A Golden Eagle I in West Jordan: 1 killed

Date & Time: Aug 20, 1983 at 0855 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N2239Q
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
West Jordan - Spanish Fork
MSN:
421A-0039
YOM:
1967
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
4156
Captain / Total hours on type:
132.00
Aircraft flight hours:
4180
Circumstances:
Investigation revealed that the pilot aborted two takeoff attempts due to a 'roughness' in one engine. Not able to duplicate the roughness during subsequent ground checks, the pilot departed. At an altitude of 300 feet agl the left engine began to surge and the right engine, according to the pilot, 'seemed to be delivering no power either and I could feel the plane decelerating.' The pilot stated he turned the aircraft to miss a housing development. A witness stated that the left wing dropped and the aircraft dove into the ground at about 45° angle. Investigation failed to reveal any reason for loss of engine power. Both passengers were seriously injured and the pilot was killed.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: loss of engine power
Phase of operation: climb - to cruise
Findings
1. (c) reason for occurrence undetermined
----------
Occurrence #2: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: climb - to cruise
Final Report: