Crash of a Boeing 737-222 in Philadelphia

Date & Time: Jul 19, 1970 at 1907 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N9005U
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Philadelphia - Rochester
MSN:
19043/18
YOM:
1968
Flight number:
UA611
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
55
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
11236
Captain / Total hours on type:
517.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
2319
Copilot / Total hours on type:
736
Aircraft flight hours:
3956
Circumstances:
At 18:50 Boeing 737 "City of Bristol" taxied to runway 09 for departure. At 19:05 the first officer, who was pilot flying, initiated the takeoff roll. Shortly after rotation, at a speed above V2, a loud bang was heard and the aircraft veered to the right. The captain moved both throttles forward but there seemed to be no response. The captain then made the instantaneous decision to set the aircraft back on the runway. The aircraft touched down 1075 feet short of the runway end. The 737 continued of the end of the runway and across the blast pad. It crossed a field, passed through a 6-foot high aluminum chain link fence into an area covered with high grass, weeds and brush. The aircraft came to rest 1634 feet past the end of the runway.
Probable cause:
The termination of the take-off, after the No.1 engine failed, at a speed above V2 at a height of approximately 50 feet, with insufficient runway remaining to effect a safe landing. The captain's decision and his action to terminate the take-off were based on the erroneous judgment that both engines had failed.
Final Report:

Crash of a Rockwell Aero Commander 680FL in Butler: 3 killed

Date & Time: Jul 17, 1970 at 1900 LT
Registration:
N6501V
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Butler - Butler
MSN:
680-1592-112
YOM:
1966
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
2532
Captain / Total hours on type:
208.00
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from Butler-Graham Airport, while in initial climb, the airplane stalled and crashed in flames near the runway end. The aircraft was destroyed by a post crash fire and all three occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
After takeoff, the pilot lost control of the airplane as he failed to maintain flying speed due to the fact that he was intoxicated. The following findings were reported:
- Physical impairment of the pilot,
- Alcoholic impairment of efficiency and judgment,
- Aircraft stalled from steep low altitude turn,
- The pilot blood alcohol level was 1,58 ‰.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft D18S in Jersey Shore: 3 killed

Date & Time: Jul 27, 1969 at 1824 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N319
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Rocky Mount - Jamestown
MSN:
A-149
YOM:
1946
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
210
Circumstances:
While cruising under VFR mode, the pilot informed ATC about the sudden deterioration of the weather conditions and request assistance which was not available at that time. Shortly later, while flying in heavy rain falls and thunderstorm activity, the airplane struck a hillside and crashed. All three occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Control flight into terrain as the pilot continued under VFR mode in adverse weather conditions. The following factors were reported:
- Low ceiling,
- Rain,
- Thunderstorm activity,
- The pilot had previously asked for radar assistance but this was not available.
Final Report:

Crash of a Rockwell Aero Commander NU-9D in Easton: 2 killed

Date & Time: Feb 6, 1969
Operator:
Registration:
57-6531
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
680-371-56
YOM:
1956
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a mission from Lakehurst, NJ, when the airplane crashed in unknown circumstances in Easton, PA. Two crew members were killed while a third occupant was injured.

Crash of a Convair CV-580 in Bradford: 11 killed

Date & Time: Jan 6, 1969 at 2035 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N5825
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Washington DC – Harrisburg – Bradford – Erie – Detroit
MSN:
386
YOM:
1956
Flight number:
AL737
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
25
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
11
Captain / Total flying hours:
5761
Captain / Total hours on type:
499.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
8220
Copilot / Total hours on type:
738
Aircraft flight hours:
27285
Circumstances:
Allegheny Airlines Flight 737 was a scheduled passenger flight from Washington, DC, to Detroit, MI, with en route stops at Harrisburg, Bradford, and Erie, PA. The flight was uneventful until it arrived in the Bradford area, about 20:22. About 20:23, Erie Approach Control asked flight 737 to report their distance to the airport: "Allegheny seven thirty seven, what are you showing DME from Bradford?". Upon which the crew replied, "Fifteen". Erie Approach Control then instructed, "... descend and cruise four thousand via Victor thirty three and cleared for the VOR thirty two (runway 32) approach to the Bradford Airport, report leaving six and Bradford's current weather sky partially obscured, measured ceiling eight hundred overcast, visibility one and one half and light snow showers, wind one seventy degrees at ten (knots) Bradford altimeter twenty nine point four nine." At ten miles from the airport Flight 737 asked for clearance to make its instrument approach to runway 14 instead of runway 32. The Bradford FSS Specialist obtained approval for this change from Erie Approach Control and so advised the flight. At 20:31 the flight reported completing the procedure turn inbound. The Convair clipped treetops 4,7nm short of the airport and cut a swath through trees bordering a fairway of the Pine Acres Golf Course. The aircraft came to rest inverted. Both pilots and 9 passengers were killed while 17 other occupants were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Investigations were unable to determine precisely the probable cause of this accident. Of some 13 potential causes examined by the Board, three remain after final analysis. They are:
- Misreading of the altimeter by the captain,
- A malfunction of the captain's altimeter after completion of the instrument approach procedure turn, and
- A misreading of the instrument approach chart. Of these three, no single one can be accepted or rejected to the exclusion of another based on the available evidence.
Final Report:

Crash of a Convair CV-580 in Bradford: 20 killed

Date & Time: Dec 24, 1968 at 2012 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N5802
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Detroit – Erie – Bradford – Harrisburg – Washington DC
MSN:
410
YOM:
1957
Flight number:
AL736
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
41
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
20
Captain / Total flying hours:
6701
Captain / Total hours on type:
1477.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
4330
Copilot / Total hours on type:
928
Aircraft flight hours:
29173
Circumstances:
Allegheny Airlines Flight 736 departed Detroit, MI for a flight to Washington, DC with intermediate stops at Erie, Bradford and Harrisburg, PA. The Convair CV-580 took off from Erie at 19:46. At 20:06 Flight 736 reported over the VOR outbound at the beginning of the instrument approach procedure. Erie Approach Control then told the crew to contact the Bradford Flight Service Station (FSS). At 20:08:47 the flight reported that they were doing the procedure turn inbound for runway 32 and Bradford FSS told them wind was 290 degrees at 15 knots. The Convair descended in light snow showers until the aircraft contacted trees along terrain which had an average upslope of 1.5deg some 2,5 NM short of the runway. The airplane cut a swath through the trees and impacted the ground at a point 800 feet from the initial tree contact. The fuselage came to rest inverted.
Probable cause:
The continuation of the descent from the final approach fix through the Minimum Descent Altitude and into obstructing terrain at a time when both flight crewmembers were looking outside the aircraft in an attempt to establish visual reference to the ground. Contributing factors were the minimal visual references available at night on the approaches to the Bradford Regional Airport; a small but critical navigational error during the later stages of the approach; and a rapid change in visibility conditions that was not known to the crew.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 402 in Allentown: 1 killed

Date & Time: Nov 7, 1968 at 0457 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N8419F
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
1181
Captain / Total hours on type:
92.00
Circumstances:
On final approach to Allentown Airport, while on a night cargo flight, the twin engine airplane became unstable, went into a spin and crashed short of runway. The aircraft was destroyed and the pilot, sole on board, was killed.
Probable cause:
The accident was probably caused by the combination of the following factors:
- Inadequate preflight preparation and/or planning,
- Improperly loaded aircraft-weight and/or CofG,
- The cargo shifted during final approach, resulting in pitch and lateral control problems,
- Witnesses stated that the cargo net was not used,
- Aircraft CofG caused stall when power was reduced for emergency landing.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft TC-45G Expeditor in Franklin

Date & Time: Sep 18, 1968 at 2105 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N7200C
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
AF-69
YOM:
1952
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
18000
Captain / Total hours on type:
80.00
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from Franklin-Chess Lamberton Field Airport, while climbing, the pilot informed ground about technical problems with the left engine and decided to return for an emergency landing. He completed a 180 turn when on final, the airplane lost height, struck trees and crashed. The pilot was seriously injured and the aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Investigations were unable to determine the exact cause of the partial loss of power on the left engine.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft D18S in Delta

Date & Time: Jul 20, 1968 at 1540 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N303MW
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
A-587
YOM:
1951
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
2360
Captain / Total hours on type:
265.00
Circumstances:
While in cruising altitude, the pilot informed ATC about engine problems and was forced to shut down the right engine and to feather its propeller. He was cleared to divert to the nearest airport when few seconds later, the airplane stalled and crashed in a prairie located in Delta. The pilot was uninjured while the airplane was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
The accident was the consequence of the following factors:
- Powerplant failure due to piston rings improperly installed,
- Excessive temperature,
- Inadequate maintenance and inspection,
- Rough terrain.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas DC-7BF in Philadelphia

Date & Time: Jul 2, 1968 at 1811 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N762Z
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Norfolk – Philadelphia
MSN:
44922
YOM:
1956
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
19616
Captain / Total hours on type:
7095.00
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a cargo flight from Norfolk to Philadelphia on behalf of the US Air Force. After touchdown on wet runway 09/27 at Philadelphia-Intl Airport, the crew encountered difficulties to decelerate properly. The four engine aircraft suffered hydroplaning then went out of control and veered off runway to the right. While contacting soft ground, the undercarriage collapsed and the right wing was torn off. The airplane came to rest in flames and was destroyed by a post crash fire while all three crew members escaped uninjured.
Probable cause:
The accident was the consequence of the following factors:
- The crew failed to maintain directional control,
- Improper operation of powerplant,
- Asymmetrical thrust reversal,
- Wet runway,
- Hydroplaning,
- Overload failure,
- Asymmetrical power applied during reversing phase of landing due to n° 1 prop circuit breaker deactivated.
Final Report: