Crash of a Douglas DC-10-30CF in Boston: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jan 23, 1982 at 1936 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N113WA
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Oakland - Newark - Boston
MSN:
47821/320
YOM:
1980
Flight number:
WO30H
Crew on board:
12
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
200
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
18091
Captain / Total hours on type:
1969.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
8600
Aircraft flight hours:
6327
Circumstances:
Following a non-precision instrument approach to runway 15R at Boston-Logan International Airport, the airplane touched down about 2,800 feet beyond the displaced threshold of the 9,191-foot usable part of the runway. About 1936:40, the airplane veered to avoid the approach light pier at the departure end of the runway and slid into the shallow water of Boston Harbor. The nose section separated from the fuselage in the impact after the airplane dropped from the shore embankment. Of the 212 persons on board, 2 persons are missing and presumed dead. The other persons onboard evacuated the airplane safely, some with injuries.
Probable cause:
The minimal braking effectiveness on the ice-covered runway; the failure of the Boston-Logan International Airport management to exercise maximum efforts to assess the condition of the runway to assure continued safety of landing operations; the failure of air traffic control to transmit the most recent pilot reports of braking action to the pilot of Flight 30H; and the captain's decision to accept and maintain an excessive airspeed derived from the auto throttle speed control system during the landing approach which caused the aircraft to land about 2,800 feet beyond the runway's displaced threshold. Contributing to the accident were the inadequacy of the present system of reports to convey reliable braking effectiveness information and the absence of provisions in the Federal Aviation Regulations to require:
- Airport management to measure the slipperiness of the runways using standardized procedures and to use standardized criteria in evaluating and reporting braking effectiveness and in making decisions to close runways.
- Operators to provide flight crews and other personnel with information necessary to correlate braking effectiveness on contaminated runways with aircraft stopping distances, and
- Extended minimum runway lengths for landing on runways which adequately take into consideration the reduction of braking effectiveness due to ice and snow.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft G18S in Hyannis: 2 killed

Date & Time: May 23, 1981 at 0555 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N75LA
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Hyannis - Nantucket
MSN:
BA-527
YOM:
1960
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
3500
Captain / Total hours on type:
171.00
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from Hyannis-Barnstable Airport, while on a cargo flight to Nantucket, the twin engine airplane entered an uncontrolled descent and crashed. Both occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Uncontrolled collision with ground during initial climb due to inadequate preflight preparation on part of the pilot-in-command. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Improperly loaded aircraft,
- Approximately 1,551 lbs over max gross weight,
- CofG 31,25 inches behind aft CG limit.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 401B in Tewksbury: 2 killed

Date & Time: Aug 12, 1980 at 0937 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N2ST
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Meriden - Tewksbury
MSN:
401B-0008
YOM:
1969
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
1650
Captain / Total hours on type:
59.00
Circumstances:
On approach to Tewksbury-Tew Mac Airport, the pilot encountered poor weather conditions with limited visibility. While inbound from local VOR, the pilot was supposed to follow 224° heading to Tew Mac Airfield but mistakenly followed the 244° heading. In limited visibility due to low ceiling, rain and fog, the twin engine airplane struck a radio tower and crashed, bursting into flames. Both occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Collision with electronic tower on final approach due to improper IFR operation on part of the pilot-in-command. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Inadequate preflight preparation,
- Low ceiling,
- Rain,
- Fog,
- Visibility 3/4 mile or less,
- Weather conditions below minimums,
- Wrong approach heading.
Final Report:

Crash of a Bristol 175 Britannia 253F in Billerica: 7 killed

Date & Time: Feb 16, 1980 at 1416 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
G-BRAC
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Boston - Shannon - Luton
MSN:
13448
YOM:
1959
Flight number:
RY103
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Captain / Total flying hours:
11600
Captain / Total hours on type:
7400.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
7600
Copilot / Total hours on type:
4760
Aircraft flight hours:
21963
Aircraft flight cycles:
8310
Circumstances:
The four engine airplane departed Boston-Logan Airport runway 33L at 1408LT on a cargo flight to Luton via Shannon, carrying eight occupants and a load of computers. Initial climb was completed in poor weather conditions with a visibility reduced to 800 meters due to snow showers, fog and also severe icing conditions. At an altitude of 1,700 feet, the airplane started an uncontrolled descent then contacted trees and crashed in a wooded area located in Billerica, about 17 miles northwest of Boston-Logan Airport. A crew member was seriously injured while seven other occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Degraded aerodynamic performance beyond the flight capabilities of the aircraft resulting from an accumulation of ice and snow on the airframe before take-off and a further accumulation of ice when the aircraft was flown into moderate to severe icing conditions following take-off. Contributing were encounters with windshear, downdraughts and turbulence during the climb. The failure of the flight crew to obtain an adequate preflight weather briefing and the failure of the National Weather Service to advise the crew of a SIGMET for severe icing conditions were also contributing factors.
Final Report:

Crash of a De Havilland DHC-6 Twin Otter 300 in Hyannis: 1 killed

Date & Time: Jun 17, 1979 at 2248 LT
Operator:
Registration:
N383EX
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
New York-LaGuardia – New Bedford – Hyannis
MSN:
245
YOM:
1969
Flight number:
NE248
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
25101
Captain / Total hours on type:
951.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
4362
Copilot / Total hours on type:
102
Aircraft flight hours:
17058
Circumstances:
Before loading the aircraft for takeoff from LaGuardia, the flight crew checked the enroute weather for the return flight to Hyannis and learned that a landing at the en route stop at New Bedford might not be possible. When they were advised of the weather situation, the passengers destined for New Bedford decided to remain in LaGuardia. At 2132, flight 248 departed LaGuardia for Hyannis on the last leg of the day. There were eight passengers and two flight crew members aboard. According to the first officer's and a passenger's testimony at the public hearing during the investigation of the accident, flight 248 was normal until the approach for landing at Hyannis. At 2234:08, flight 248 contacted Otis Approach Control and reported level at 5,000 feet. At 2239:05, the flight was given the current Hyannis weather which included an indefinite ceiling of 200 feet, sky obscured, visibility 3/4 mile in fog, wind 210° at 10 knots. It also included a visibility of 1 1/8 in light drizzle on runway 24. At 2244:36, flight 248 was 4 nmi north-northeast of the outer marker when Otis Approach Control gave the flight a vector of 210° to intercept the localizer at 1,700 feet for an ILS approach to runway 24 at the Barnstable Airport. At 2245:34, flight 248 was instructed to contact the Barnstable Airport tower. About 2247, the flight complied with this request and reported crossing the outer marker. The flight was cleared to land, however, no further transmissions were heard form the aircraft. The Boston Air Route Traffic Control Center (Boston Center) was able to track flight 248 to within 2.8 nmi of the intended touchdown point on runway 24. Boston Center's computer printout showed the flight's position at 2246:51 about 0.35 nmi northeast of the ILS outer marker at 1,700 feet. It also showed the flight about 0.15 nmi southwest of the outer marker at 1,500 feet at 2247:03. The last radar position shown for the flight was about 1.1 nmi southwest of the outer marker at 2247:27 at 1,100 feet. The first officer stated that the captain was flying the aircraft during the approach to Hyannis. He said that he made the following callouts: localizer alive, outer marker, 500 feet above, 200 feet above, 100 feet above, minimums, and 100 feet below. He said that the captain did not acknowledge any of these calls. The first officer said that when he called 'minimums', the aircraft was one dot below the ILS glidepath. The first officer said that it appeared that the aircraft was in a continual descent without any excessive sink rates or descent angles from 5,000 feet until impact, with the airspeed near 130 knots for the entire approach. He stated that, as he called '100 feet below', he looked outside the cockpit because he believed that the captain had the approach lights in sight. The first officer said that he did not see the ground before the aircraft crashed about 2248 into a heavily wooded area located 1.5 nmi from the approach end of runway 24, on the runway centerline extended. The accident occurred during the hours of darkness. The captain was killed while all other occupants were injured, some of them seriously.
Probable cause:
The National Transportation Safety Board determines that the probable cause of the accident was the failure of the flightcrew to recognize and react in a timely manner to the gross deviation from acceptable approach parameters, resulting in a continuation of the descent well below decision height during a precision approach without visual contact with the runway environment. Although the Board was unable to determine conclusively the reason for the failure to recognize and react to the gross deviation, it is believed that the degraded physiological condition of the captain seriously impaired his performance. Also, the lack of adequate crew coordination practices and procedures contributed to the first officer's failure to detect and react to the situation in a timely manner.
Final Report:

Crash of a Piper PA-60 Aerostar (Ted Smith Aerostar 600) in Templeton: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jan 11, 1979 at 1110 LT
Registration:
N8022J
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Boston - Syracuse
MSN:
60-0526-170
YOM:
1978
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
1600
Circumstances:
While in cruising altitude in good weather conditions, en route from Boston to Syracuse, the twin engine airplane collided with a Piper PA-31-350 Navajo Chieftain owned by the Tamposi-Nash Real Estate Group and registered N33TN. En route from Concord to White Plains, it was carrying two passengers and one pilot. Following the collision, both aircraft entered a dive and crashed near Templeton. Both aircraft were destroyed and all five occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
In-flight collision with another aircraft after the pilot failed to see and avoid other traffic while cruising in an uncontrolled area.
Final Report:

Crash of a Piper PA-31-350 Navajo Chieftain in Templeton: 3 killed

Date & Time: Jan 11, 1979 at 1110 LT
Operator:
Registration:
N33TN
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Concord - White Plains
MSN:
31-7305050
YOM:
1973
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
12225
Captain / Total hours on type:
870.00
Circumstances:
While in cruising altitude in good weather conditions, en route from Concord to White Plains, the twin engine airplane collided with a Piper PA-60 Aerostar (Ted Smith Aerostar 600) owned by Northeast Cellulose Inc and registered N8011J. En route from Boston to Syracuse, it was carrying one passenger and one pilot. Following the collision, both aircraft entered a dive and crashed near Templeton. Both aircraft were destroyed and all five occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
In-flight collision with another aircraft after the pilot failed to see and avoid other traffic while cruising in an uncontrolled area.
Final Report:

Crash of a Piper PA-31-350 Navajo Chieftain in Granville: 2 killed

Date & Time: Sep 18, 1978 at 1042 LT
Registration:
N63731
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Westfield - Pontiac
MSN:
31-7752054
YOM:
1977
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
6500
Circumstances:
While cruising in marginal weather conditions on a cargo flight from Westfield-Barnes to Pontiac, the twin engine airplane struck the slope of a mountain located in Granville, Massachusetts. The burnt wreckage was found 500 feet below the summit and both occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Controlled flight into terrain after the pilot continued VFR flight in adverse weather conditions. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Unwarranted low flying,
- Low ceiling,
- Rain,
- Fog.
Final Report:

Crash of a Grumman S2F-1 Tracker near South Weymouth NAS: 2 killed

Date & Time: Aug 24, 1978
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
133176
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
South Weymouth - South Weymouth
MSN:
147
YOM:
1957
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a local training mission at South Weymouth NAS. On approach, the left engine failed and was shut down. Then the right engine lost power and white smoke got out. The airplane lost height then crashed few miles from the airfield. Both crew members Cdr Bailey and Lcdr Marriott were killed.
Probable cause:
Engine failure for unknown reasons.

Crash of a Fairchild C-123K Provider at Westover AFB

Date & Time: Oct 11, 1977
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
54-0707
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
20156
YOM:
1954
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
En route, the crew contacted ATC and declared an emergency following an in-flight fire. The pilot-in-command diverted to Westover AFB and the airplane landed hard and came to rest in flames. All occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
In-flight fire of unknown origin.