Crash of a Convair C-131D Samaritan in Munich: 53 killed

Date & Time: Dec 17, 1960 at 1410 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
55-0291
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Munich – Northolt
MSN:
212
YOM:
1955
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
13
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
53
Circumstances:
The aircraft was engaged in a special flight from Munich to RAF Northolt, near London, carrying British students who were flying back home for Christmas and a crew of seven. One minute after takeoff from Munich-Riem Airport, while climbing to an altitude of 1,000 meters, the crew informed ground about the failure of the left engine and obtained the permission to return for an emergency landing. Few seconds later, the copilot informed ground that he was unable to control the loss of altitude. In a limited visibility due to fog (800 meters horizontal and 40 meters vertical), the airplane struck the top of the St Paul church with its left wing and crashed in a huge explosion in the center of a commercial district of Munich. The airplane exploded while hitting a tramway, several cars and people and debris were scattered in the street and several shops as well. All 20 occupants on board the aircraft were killed as well as 33 people on the ground, essentially people sitting in the tramway. Nine other people were seriously injured.
Probable cause:
Its is believed that the failure of the left engine was caused by the combination of the following factors:
- The fuel line, the fuel tank and the fuel pump were contaminated with water,
- Due to low temperature and icing conditions, the carburetor performances were reduced,
- The crew encountered engine difficulties prior to takeoff but apparently decided to continue the procedure.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-14T in Vockerode: 7 killed

Date & Time: Jul 22, 1960 at 0740 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
400
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Dessau - Dessau
MSN:
14 803 004
YOM:
1958
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Circumstances:
The crew was engaged in a weather observation mission. After takeoff from Dessau Airport, instead of climbing and flying under IFR, the captain decided to continue under VFR mode below the clouds and in limited visibility. Ten minutes later, while cruising at an altitude of 500 feet, the airplane struck with its right wing the chimney of a metallurgical complexe and crashed in flames. All six crew members and one person on the ground were killed.

Crash of an Antonov AN-2T in Dessau

Date & Time: May 31, 1960
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
856
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
178 473 03
YOM:
1957
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Upon landing, the right wing struck the runway surface. The aircraft cartwheeled and came to rest. There were no casualties.

Crash of a Percival Pembroke C.54 in Krusendorf

Date & Time: May 10, 1960
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
SE 514
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
1002
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
An engine exploded in flight, forcing the crew to reduce his altitude and to attempt an emergency landing. The airplane crashed in flames in a field located in Krusendorf and was destroyed by fire. All occupants escaped uninjured.
Probable cause:
Engine explosion in flight.

Crash of a Douglas VC-47D near Marburg

Date & Time: Apr 15, 1960
Operator:
Registration:
43-49271
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
MSN:
15087/26532
YOM:
1944
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Crashed in unknown circumstances 11 km southeast of Marburg while on a flight to Wiesbaden-Erbenheim AFB. The crew fate remains unknown.

Crash of a Douglas C-47A-30-DK at Wiesbaden AFB

Date & Time: Mar 25, 1960
Operator:
Registration:
43-48100
Flight Type:
MSN:
13916/25361
YOM:
1944
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Crashed in unknown circumstances at Wiesbaden-Erbenheim AFB. Crew fate remains unknown.

Ground accident of an Avro 652 Anson C.19 at Gütersloh AFB

Date & Time: Feb 15, 1960
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
VP535
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Gütersloh - Gütersloh
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
One of the main gear collapsed while taxiing at Gütersloh AFB. Both pilots were uninjured while the aircraft was written off.
Probable cause:
Undercarriage failure.

Crash of a Nord 2501D Noratlas in Oederquart: 4 killed

Date & Time: Sep 16, 1959 at 1422 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
GC+106
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Hamburg - Hamburg
MSN:
62
YOM:
1955
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
The crew left Hamburg-Finkenwerder for a test flight. En route, in unclear circumstances, the airplane went out of control and crashed in flames in an open field located in Oederquart, Lower Saxony. The airplane was destroyed and all four crew members were killed.
Crew:
Johannes Nagel, pilot,
Horst Weihrauch, copilot,
Ulrich Doletzki, mechanic,
Werner Stegen, radio operator.

Crash of a Baade 152 in Ottendorf-Okrilla: 4 killed

Date & Time: Mar 5, 1959 at 1355 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
DM-ZYA
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Dresden - Dresden
MSN:
V1
YOM:
4
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Aircraft flight hours:
1
Aircraft flight cycles:
1
Circumstances:
First prototype, the Baade 152 left Dresden-Klotzsche Airport at 1255LT for its second test flight with a crew of four. After several manoeuvres conducted at an assigned altitude of 6,000 meters (gear down), the crew was supposed to descent to 3,000 meters and to increase engine power to arrest the descent and to test the airplane's response to power settings. For unknown reason, the crew failed to follow the program and instead of increasing engine power, he contacted ground and requested permission for an unplanned low pass with gear and flaps up. While descending to the altitude of 600 meters, the aircraft's speed was close to stall value when the crew decided to lower the gear and to increase engine power. The four engines provided power for about 8 to 10 seconds went control was lost. The airplane entered a nose down attitude and plunged into the earth, crashing in a field by an angle of 70°. The aircraft disintegrated on impact and all four crew members were killed.
Probable cause:
It is believed the accident was the consequence of a pilot error but it was also determined that the loss of control was caused by the simultaneous failure of all four engines because they were not supplied with fuel during a high rate of descent. Investigations revealed on other flight tests that the engines were not properly supplied with fuel when the aircraft reached a nose-down angle equal or above 16°, which was considered as a design fault.

Crash of a Douglas C-47A-80-DL in Okarben

Date & Time: Oct 15, 1958
Operator:
Registration:
43-15295
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
19761
YOM:
1944
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The crew encountered an unexpected situation and was forced to attempt an emergency landing. The aircraft crash landed in a prairie located in Okarben. There were no casualties but the aircraft was written off.